Computer Info. - Ch. 11

In a computer program, ____ are named memory locations that are defined for that particular program and are used to store the current value of data items used in the program.

With the ____, the statements in the loop are repeated as long as a certain condition is false.

The Rainbow Trout Company specializes in developing software that is used by amateur and professional fishermen with a wide variety of needs. As such, the company often work on projects with constantly changing requirements. The Rainbow Trout Company uses the ____ approach, which organizes teams of people working closely together so that continuous learning and adaptation can occur as the project is developed.

One property that makes 4GLs easier to use is that they are declarative, rather than procedural like third-generation languages.

With about 85% of all business transactions being processed by and about 200 billion lines of code still in use today, knowing could set an IT job applicant apart from the crowd.

A scripting language is a type of language that uses symbols or tags to describe what a document should look like.

____ are most often used to create Web pages and Web applications.

Program coding is the process of writing the actual program steps in the proper format for a particular programming language.

In a(n) procedural program, variables can be accessed and their values changed from any module in the program, as appropriate.

A(n) ____ is a software program that helps programmers develop software.

Low-level languages make programs easier to write.

Kelly is a college sophomore majoring in computer science. She is interested in gaining exposure to the most useful and current programming languages and techniques. One of the languages that Kelley is learning is ____, an object-oriented programming language that is commonly used to write Web applications.

One or more rounds of outside tests for programs created for mass distribution are referred to as alpha tests.

High-level object-oriented programming languages include C++, C#, Java, Dart, and ____.

Structured programming embodies a top-down design philosophy.

With most programs, compiling or interpreting a program for the first time will result in errors, and the assembling process consists of locating and correcting these errors.

Markup languages are most often used to add dynamic content to a Web page or to integrate a Web page with a database.

A ____ is used to illustrate when, how, and in what order the statements in a computer program, module, or method are performed.

With logic errors, the program will run but the output will be wrong.

The repetition control structure is also called the selection control structure.

Java programs are compiled into a format called bytecode.

With a ____, the direction that the program control takes depends on the results of a certain condition.

The Rainbow Trout Company specializes in developing software that is used by amateur and professional fishermen with a wide variety of needs. As such, the company often work on projects with constantly changing requirements. To allow everyone, not just the original programmer, to understand the source code of a program, the Rainbow Trout Company follows a set of ____—a list of rules designed to standardize programming styles.

____ takes the idea of breaking down a program into separate and reusable functions to the next level by focusing on the encapsulation of programming policies.

User documentation normally consists of a user's manual containing instructions for running the program, a description of software commands, and so forth.

The specifications for ____ are developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and are continually evolving.

Fourth-generation languages (4GLs) are sometimes called ____.

The earliest programming languages are referred to as ____.

The documentation resulting from the design phase of the ____ is a set of design specifications that illustrates the program needed to fulfill the program requirements.

Kelly is a college sophomore majoring in computer science. She is interested in gaining exposure to the most useful and current programming languages and techniques. During the summer, Kelly will be writing a compiler as part of a research project. To prepare, she is learning ____, a functional language.

____ is the language used by students taking the Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science exam.

____ is a set of rules for exchanging data over the Web.

A ____ is designed for a specific programming language and translates programs written in that language into machine language so they can be executed.

____ was created to fill the need for a teaching tool to encourage structured programming.

A selection control structure is simply a series of statements that follow one another.

Java source code cannot be converted into object code using a Python compiler.

Pseudocode expresses the steps in a program, module, or method, but it uses English-like statements in place of the flowchart's graphical symbols.

In a(n) ____ check, the programmer "walks" through the program design, keeping track of the values of any loop counters and other variables in a tracing table to ensure the program does what it is intended to do.

With the do until structure, the statements in the loop are repeated as long as a certain condition is true.

Tools such as Microsoft's ____ help to bridge different platforms and programming languages.

The Rainbow Trout Company specializes in developing software that is used by amateur and professional fishermen with a wide variety of needs. As such, the company often work on projects with constantly changing requirements. The Rainbow Trout Company maintains a database of clients. To search through this database, they use ____, a 4GL.

Once the system containing the program is up and running, the implementation process of the program implementation and maintenance phase is complete.

It is important to realize that with a markup language like HTML, the Web browser, Web browser settings, and device used to display the Web page ultimately determine what the Web page will look like.

One of the most recent adaptive software development approaches is agile software development (ASD).

____ versions of freeware and open source software are often available to the public for testing.

Program ____ use graphical symbols and relational operators (such as < for "less than" and = for "equal to") to portray the sequence of steps needed to fulfill the logic in that program, module, or method.

If an application is going to need to interact with existing programs, it may need to be coded in the same language as those other programs.

In the program design phase of the PDLC, the specifications developed during the problem analysis phase are used to develop a(n) ____ for the program.

____ create the menus, forms, and input screens used with a program or database.

____ is the first phase of the PDLC.

C is an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems.

Procedures are small sections of program code also called modules or subprograms.

Fourth-generation languages are commonly used today to access databases.

____ was developed to enable Web authors to implement interactive content on Web sites, such as to animate an item, or pop up a window to point to an item.

The three most common types of language translators are compilers, interpreters, and coders.

User documentation normally consists of a user's manual containing instructions for running the program, a description of software commands, and so forth.

Two of the most significant approaches to programming are procedural programming and ____.

While COBOL is not inherently suited to developing interactive applications or cloud software, new versions of COBOL are evolving to support new applications.

____ errors occur when a formula is written incorrectly, when a mistake is made with a decision condition, or when the wrong variable name is used.

A program bug is an error that causes a program to malfunction.

____ values are values that represent one of two states—yes (true) or no (false).

The first official recorded use of the word "bug" in the context of computing is associated with the temporary failure of the ____ computer.

Structure charts are used to illustrate the step-by-step logic that is to take place within a program, module, or method.

____ is a broad term to describe creating and managing an application throughout its entire life cycle—from design through coding and testing, to maintenance, and, eventually, to retirement.