Chapter I Study Guide

The process whereby energy is transferred to and from the body through electromagnetic waves is called ___________

The process whereby fluid from the bloodstream enters the tubules of the kidney is called ________________

Which of the following is NOT a component of the gastrointestinal system? 1. stomach 2. salivary glands 3. gall bladder 4. liver 5. kidneys

Shivering to increase body temperature is characterized by _______________

______________ is a protein found in the body that provides the tensile strength to resist stretching

Total body water is composed of ________________

What type of tissue separates the internal from the external environment?

Peripheral thermoreceptors monitor ______________

What organ system functions in communication between cells of the body?

What accurately represents the order of complexity for the components of the body, from least to most complex?

The ultimate cause of the increase in body temperature associated with an infection (fever) is a _____________

The fluid compartment with a high sodium concentration that contains only trace amounts of protein is called __________

Name two organ systems that the kidneys belong to.

The portion of body water outside of cells that bathes most cells of the body is called _______________

____________ carries oxygen to the cells of the body, while the synthesis of these cells is regulated by the hormone __________.

What is the thermoneutral zone?

What are the two extracellular fluid compartments of the body?

The process whereby fluid in the kidney is transported from the tubules back into the bloodstream is called ________________

Tissue type that includes cells contained in an extracellular matrix composed of collagen and elastin.

In the hierarchy of resource allocation, which organ gets highest priority for energy during exercise?

When a person sits on a metal chair on a cold day, they feel the cold of the metal. This is an example of ________________

The smallest living units capable of carrying out their own basic life functions are called ____________

The increase in the set point of body temperature that occurs during a fever is caused by the release of substances from ______________ that affect the hypothalamic temperature set point.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the internal environment? 1. endocrine glands 2. airways to lungs 3. brain 4. heart 5. blood

What compartment contains most of the water found in the human body?

Thermoreceptors act as the _____________ in the thermoregulatory feedback loop.

The positive feedback loop involving luteinizing hormone and estrogen is terminated by ________________

The lumen of which organ system is part of the internal environment?

What are the primary components of sweat?

Referring to a membrane as "selectively permeable" describes its ability to ________________

Which of the following is NOT a primary type of tissue? 1. nerve 2. muscle 3. connective 4. skeletal 5. epithelial

Changes in the external environment alter the ______________, which is detected by the ______________, and that information is sent to the integrator.

What organ system protects the body against pathogens and abnormal cells?

Luteinizing hormone-mediated regulation of estrogen during ovulation in women is an example of a ________________

Which of the following statements about homeostasis is false? 1. the primary mechanism to maintain homeostasis is negative feedback. 2. intrinsic control mechanisms maintain the extracellular fluid in constant state. 3. the intracellular fluid makes up the majority of the body fluids. 4. the extracellular fluid is maintained in a state compatible for life. 5. the organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis.

The process whereby energy is transferred to and from the body through direct contact with a solid body is called __________

Tissue type that functions in the transport of specific molecules from one compartment to another.

Organs of the body are defined as _______________

What separates the internal environment from the external environment?

An increase in body temperature to greater than normal levels is called _______________

The maintenance of a stable internal environment compatible for life is called what?

The uptake of nutrients across the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract and into the bloodstream is called _____________

Which of the following statements about homeostasis is false? 1. The primary mechanism to maintain homeostasis is positive feedback 2. Homeostasis is the maintenance of the internal environment 3. The organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis. 4. Illness can result if homeostasis is disrupted. 5. The extracellular fluid is maintained in a state compatible for life.

Which of the following is NOT a major cell type found in the human body? 1. nervous cells 2. epithelial cells 3. connective cells 4. muscle cells 5. endocrine cells

The tissue type the generates mechanical force and movement, and whose activity is controlled both on a voluntary and involuntary level, is ____________

What is the primary mechanism for maintaining homeostasis?

What type of tissue lines exocrine glands?

Extracellular fluid is composed of ________________

Following an increase in body temperature, which of the following responses will NOT occur? 1. increase in water on the skin 2. increase in blood flow 3. increase in sweat production 4. increase in skin temperature 5. increase in shivering

The fluid compartment with a high sodium and protein concentration is called __________________

Animals whose body temperature changes with environmental temperatures, thereby not maintaining strict thermal homeostasis, are called _______________

Endocrine glands are derived from what type of tissue?

Which of the following organ systems is primarily involved in the process of digestion

The _____________ determines the extent of the error signal in a feedback loop, in order to initiate the appropriate response.

Which of the following is a tissue type the includes the cells found within blood and bones?

The specific structures that attach bone to muscle are called _____________

Glands are derived from what type of tissue?

Prolonged exposure to a cold environment, where error signal for body temperature continues to increase in a negative direction (body temperature is below set point) is called _______________

What organ system includes the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and thyroid gland?

Homeostasis is a term which describes the process whereby the body _______________

The process of maintaining the internal environment in a state compatible for life is called _______________, and it occurs primarily through _______________

Which of the following best describes intracellular fluid? 1. rich in proteins and chloride 2. rich in proteins and potassium 3. rich in sodium and chloride 4. rich in potassium and chloride 5. rich in sodium, potassium, and chloride

Where is most of our total body water?

Cardiac muscle is located in the heart.

The immune system protects the body from invading microorganisms.

The homeostatic mechanisms of the body are unlimited in their ability to respond to changes in the external environment.

The internal and external environments are separated by the selectively permeable membranes of epithelial cells.

Positive feedback loops are impossible to stop once they have begun.

The brain has top priority when it comes to the distribution of resources during exercise.

On a regular basis, heat is produced by metabolism.

In the cold, blood flow to the skin increases.

Connective tissue forms both endocrine and exocrine glands.

On a regular basis, heat is lost from the body through the process of insensible water loss.

The smallest living units, capable of carrying out its own basic life processes are __________

The fluid compartment with a high protein and potassium concentration is called ______________

Cells that carry oxygen in the bloodstream are called _____________

Epithelial Tissue

Connective tissue

Nervous tissue

Muscle tissue