Chapter 8

By the early first century CE, Judaism had split into three distinct sects because of differences in

Which sect is associated with the Dead Sea Scrolls?

The Jerusalem temple was considered corrupt by the

In an effort to try to maintain a strong, collective Jewish identity after the Diaspora, rabbis

The word evangelist comes from a Greek word meaning

Why are the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke known as the synoptic gospels?

Typology primarily helped Christians come to terms with their Jewish roots by

Early Christians developed symbols to identify themselves to each other because they

The Roman emperor Constantine actively supported Christianity in Constantinople by

By the fourth century CE, naturalism was no longer an important aim of art, because

Early Christianity was syncretistic, incorporating into itself pagan traditions in order to

The Christian practice of baptism, idea of sacrifice for the good of humanity, and Jesus's traditional birth date all derive from the pagan cult of

Augustine of Hippo's Confessions is particularly noteworthy as a literary work, because it is the first

According to Augustine, the singing of hymns and psalms in church was established to

The Byzantine emperor Justinian began construction of Hagia Sophia in 532 CE to

The mosaicists working in San Vitale depicted their subjects in reverse perspective and in shallow space to

Why did the Byzantine emperor Leo III inaugurate a program of iconoclasm?

The Second Golden Age in Roman and Christian art was brought about by the

During this Second Golden Age, artists portrayed Christ as

Why is Venice home to a vast amount of Byzantine art?