Biology: Chapter 6 pt. 2 review

The epiphyseal plate is: where yellow marrow is produced. the long axis of a bone. the site of red bone marrow production. where bone elongation occurs.

Which of the following is unlikely to trigger bone remodeling? Glucagon Ca2+ imbalance Mechanical stress Increased parathyroid hormone levels

What is osteoid? the organic part of the matrix of bone one of the cell types found in bone the inorganic part of the matrix of bone the outer surface of bone

What is the structural unit of compact bone? canaliculus osteon Haversian canal osteoid

The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is the chondrocyte osteocyte osteoblast osteoclast

A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ________. epiphysis metaphysis diaphysis articular cartilage

What is the structural unit of compact bone? spongy bone the osteon lamellar bone osseous matrix

The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue called ________. Volkmann's canals the struts of bone known as spicules a bony matrix with hyaline cartilage perforating (Sharpey's) fibers

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (the Haversian canal) is the site of ________. yellow marrow and spicules osteoclasts and osteoblasts blood vessels and nerve fibers cartilage and interstitial lamellae

What are the small spaces in bone tissue that are holes in which osteocytes live called? Haversian canals Volkmann's canals trabeculae lacunae

Spongy bones are made up of a framework called ________. trabeculae osseous lamellae lamellar bone osteons

A central (Haversian) canal may contain arteries, veins, capillaries, lymph vessels, and ________ fibers.

Each consecutive bone lamella has collagen fibers that wrap in alternating directions. True False

Which of the following is correctly matched? Nondisplaced fracture: the bone ends are misaligned Compound fracture: the bone ends penetrate the skin Linear fracture: the break is perpendicular to the bone's long axis Incomplete fracture: the bone is broken through

What is endochondral ossification? a) the formation of bone from pre-existing elastic cartilage models b) the formation of bone from pre-existing fibrocartilage models c) the formation of bone from fibrous membranes d) the formation of bone from pre-existing hyaline cartilage models

What indicates that a long bone has reached its adult length? the presence of osteoblasts the presence of osteons closure of the epiphyseal plate the presence of hyaline cartilage on the ends of the bone

For intramembranous ossification to take place, which of the following is necessary? The cartilage matrix begins to deteriorate. An ossification center forms in the fibrous connective tissue. A medullary cavity forms. A bone collar forms around the cartilage model.

In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows ________. from the edges inward by pushing the epiphysis away from the diaphysis in a circular fashion by pulling the diaphysis toward the epiphysis

Osteogenesis is the process of ________. bone destruction to liberate calcium making a cartilage model of the fetal bone bone formation making collagen fibers for calcified cartilage

Growth of bones is controlled by a symphony of hormones. Which hormone is important for bone growth during infancy and childhood? growth hormone somatomedins thyroid hormone prolactin

All bones formed by intramembranous ossification are irregular bones. True False