Chapter 6: Biology - Behaviour

25 July 2022
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According to B. F. Skinner, human behavior is controlled primarily by
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external influences.
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A child who is punished for swearing at home but not for swearing on the school playground is most likely to demonstrate a patterned habit of swearing that is indicative of
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discrimination
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A dog salivates to the sound of a tone because the tone has regularly been associated with the delivery of food. In this case, the tone is called a(n)
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conditioned stimulus
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After a scary biking accident, Alex extinguished his conditioned fear of bikes by cycling on a safe biking trail every day for a week. The reappearance of his previously extinguished fear when he rode a bike on the same trail two weeks later best illustrates
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spontaneous recovery
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After learning to fear a white rat, Little Albert responded with fear to the sight of a rabbit. This best illustrates the process of
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generalization
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A learned association between behaviors and resulting events is central to
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operant conditioning
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A learned association between two stimuli is most central to
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classical conditioning
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An involuntary response is to ________ as a voluntary response is to ________.
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classical conditioning; operant conditioning
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A psychologist who emphasizes cognitive processes would be likely to suggest that classical conditioning depends on
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an organism's expectation that a US will follow a CS.
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A response is learned most rapidly and is most resistant to extinction if it is acquired under conditions of
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continuous reinforcement followed by partial reinforcement.
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A Skinner box is a(n)
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chamber containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a reward.
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Because Mr. Baron rewards students only for very good classroom answers, his students have stopped participating in class. Mr. Baron most clearly needs to be informed of the value of
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shaping
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Before Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate in response to a tone, the tone was a(n)
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neutral stimulus
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Behaviorism was the view that psychology should scientifically study behavior without reference to
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cognitive processes