Chapter 5: Humanities Study Guide

25 July 2022
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Competition among media meant that with the arrival of television, radio became obsolete
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False
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Guglielmo Marconi envisioned wireless telegraphy only as point-to-point communication and not as a one-to-many mass medium
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True
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During his lifetime, Nikola Tesla received much recognition for his wireless inventions
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False
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Inventor Lee De Forest developed a vacuum tube capable of detecting and amplifying radio signals
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True
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In its entrepreneurial phase, radio was marketed as a ship-to-shore communication device
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True
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The Titanic sank in 1912, resulting in the loss of about fifteen hundred lives; had it not been for radio, seven hundred additional lives would have been lost
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True
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Congress passed the Radio Act of 1912 in response to the sinking of the British ocean liner Titanic
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True
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The American Marconi Company had trouble developing as a business after World War I in part because the U.S. Navy did not want a foreign-controlled company wielding so much power in the field of emergent radio technologies
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true
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Because of the role of the navy in early broadcast history, the United States today has a national broadcasting system both controlled and supervised by the government
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False
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The Radio Corporation of America (RCA) was formed after World War I to give the United States an early worldwide monopoly over radio broadcasting
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True
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During the 1920s, the United States was the only country that allowed commercial interests to control broadcasting
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True
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Network radio helped modernize America by deemphasizing local in favor of national programs
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True
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Radio soap operas got their name because they were a "clean" form of entertainment that lived up to the social and moral codes of the time
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False
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Throughout radio's early history—from the 1920s through the 1940s—advertisers exercised very little control over program content
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False
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AM is better than FM for playing music because of its greater clarity and fidelity
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False
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Texas Instruments marketed the first transistor radio in 1953
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True
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By the 1960s, most radio listening was done outside the home
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True
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FM radio was an immediate commercial success and made its inventor a rich and happy man
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False
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The Top 40 format refers to the forty most popular hits in a given week as measured by record sales
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True
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Country is the most popular radio format today
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True
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By law, nonprofit broadcasters are allocated 25 percent of all the broadcast frequencies in the United States today
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False
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In 1948, the FCC approved 10-watt FM stations, allowing more people to participate in radio
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True
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Politicians have threatened to cut government funding for public broadcasting
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True
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HD radio is a digital technology that enables broadcasters to multicast within an analog frequency
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True
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Internet radio stations are those that either stream or simulcast a version of their on-air signal over the Web, or create a station exclusive to the Internet
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True
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Podcasting and Internet radio aren't very portable because you need a computer to use them
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False
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Payola is the practice of record promoters paying deejays to play certain songs on the air
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True
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Radio generates its largest profits by selling big national ads
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False
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In the late 1990s, hundreds of radio stations shifted from individual to chain ownership
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True
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The telegraph was useless as a means of communicating between ships at sea or between ships and the shore because ______. a. telegraph equipment was too cumbersome to be used aboard ship b. All of the options are correct. c. the telegraph signal was distorted by the electromagnetic spectrum d. its signal was too weak to travel across bodies of water e. the telegraph required a wire cable connecting the sending and receiving stations
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E
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The very earliest uses of Marconi's wireless radio were for ______. a. advertising and the military b. military and commercial shipping c. entertainment and ads d. playing rock-and-roll records e. gossip and shipping
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B
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The ______ was important to radio technology because it allowed radio signals to be amplified. a. telephony b. Hertz c. Audion vacuum tube d. cathode ray tube e. electromagnetic wave
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C
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Reginald Fessenden is credited with making the first ______, on Christmas Eve in 1906. a. distress call from a sinking ocean liner b. voice broadcast c. on-air paid advertisement d. use of Morse code e. wireless telegraph
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B
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The term broadcasting was originally used in ______. a. carpentry b. construction c. manufacturing d. farming e. commercial fishing
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D
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Why were AT&T and GE able to undercut Marconi's influence with the U.S. Navy, even though Marconi was the best company? a. The U.S. Navy wanted to use government-owned companies over private companies. b. None of the above options is correct. c. The U.S. Navy was concerned about a foreign-controlled company having so much power over their communications. d. The U.S. Navy was dissatisfied with the way American Marconi was being run. e. The U.S. Navy wished to promote international relations by using foreign companies.
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C
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As a new network, CBS was able to compete with NBC by ______. a. being the first to offer musical programs and quiz shows b. paying affiliates to broadcast its programs c. being the first network to broadcast in high fidelity d. advertising its programs on billboards e. charging affiliates less for its programs
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B
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The act that first emphasized that broadcasters did not own their channels but were granted licenses provided they operated in the "public interest, convenience, or necessity" was the a. Radio Act of 1927 b. 1932 revocation of RCA's monopoly status c. Radio Act of 1912 d. None of the above options is correct. e. Federal Communications Act of 1934
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A
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What time period is considered the "golden age" of radio? a. 1990s b. 1890s c. 1920s and 1930s d. 1960s e. Early 1900s
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C
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Which radio program panicked listeners on Halloween eve in 1938? a. Amos 'n' Andy b. The Shadow c. None of the above options is correct. d. The Green Hornet e. War of the Worlds
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E
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Why did the public find it easy to believe that Orson Welles's broadcast of War of the Worlds was a real event? a. The broadcast was never identified as fiction or a dramatization. b. All of the options are correct. c. It was done in the style of a real news broadcast. d. Newspapers also printed the story as true. e. A sizable meteor really did hit New Jersey that day.
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C
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Which of the following technologies did not cause major changes in the radio industry? a. The transistor b. FM transmitters c. Television d. The telegraph e. The Internet
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D
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The transistor made radio receivers ______. a. disposable b. expensive c. larger d. portable e. stereophonic
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D
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Prior to the 1950s and 1960s, most radio listening occurred in the home because ______. a. radio programs used to be longer and required people's undivided attention b. automobiles weren't really widespread yet so most people couldn't leave home c. people didn't have televisions yet d. radio sets before the invention of transistors used bulky and delicate vacuum tubes e. None of the above options is correct.
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A
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Which statement indicates why radio typically has its biggest audiences between 6 and 9 A.M. and between 4 and 7 P.M.? a. Radio stations want it to be that way. b. Many people listen to the radio as they drive to and from work. c. The funniest shows are on at those times. d. The lucrative teenage audience listens most during those times. e. None of the above options is correct.
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B
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Radio formats usually target specific audiences according to ______. a. gender b. age c. income d. race or ethnicity e. All of the options are correct.
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E
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One of the driving forces behind the adoption of format radio was that ______. a. disc jockeys had a chance to play a wider variety of music b. it made it easier for record companies to promote new artists c. paperwork became easier for program directors d. radio stations could charge an advertising premium for target audiences e. radio stations could fulfill their public service requirements
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D
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Which of the following statements about the news/talk/information radio format is true? a. From 1987 until 2014, the number of stations with this format rose from just under 200 to more than 2,000. b. All of the options are correct. c. It tends to appeal to listeners over thirty-five years old. d. It is more expensive to produce than a music format. e. It appeals to advertisers looking to target working- and middle-class adult consumers.
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B
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Which of the following is true about HD radio? a. It allows a radio station to broadcast several different formats simultaneously on the same frequency it already uses. b. It has been exploding in popularity, and consumer demand is outstripping the ability of radio stations to keep up. c. HD radio is an analog technology. d. It was developed in the 1950s but kept from the public for decades by business owners. e. It is the same thing as satellite radio.
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A
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Which of the following statements about the relationship between the radio industry and the concept of media convergence is false? a. Internet stations are able to negotiate royalty rates directly with the music industry. b. Internet radio harkens back to the early days of radio, with its large variety of stations, and to the transistors of the fifties, with its portability. c. The convergence between radio and the recording industry was just the earliest instance of radio overlapping with another form of mass media. d. Internet radio only includes existing stations that simulcast over the Web. e. Radio has heavily converged with the Internet with things like podcasts and streaming audio.
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D
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Despite new technologies like personal MP3 players and music online, traditional radio continues to see billions of dollars in advertising money because ______. a. None of the above options is correct. b. over 90 percent of American teenagers and adults listen to the radio in a given week c. advertisers are accustomed to using radio and are slow to change d. advertisers are required by law to place a percentage of their ads on the radio waves e. advertisers like the music played on a particular radio station
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B
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Univision is the top ______ broadcaster in the United States. a. European b. alternative c. nonprofit d. None of the above options is correct. e. Spanish-language
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E