Chapter 40 Mastering Biology

25 July 2022
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question
Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has the same surface-to-volume ratio. a smaller average distance between its mitochondria and the external source of oxygen. less surface area per unit of volume. less surface area. a smaller cytoplasm-to-nucleus ratio.
answer
less surface area per unit of volume.
question
An animal's inputs of energy and materials would exceed its outputs if it is growing and increasing its mass. never; homeostasis makes these energy and material budgets always balance. if the animal is an endotherm, which must always take in more energy because of its high metabolic rate. if it is hibernating. if it is actively foraging for food.
answer
if it is growing and increasing its mass.
question
You are studying a large tropical reptile that has a high and relatively stable body temperature. How would you determine whether this animal is an endotherm or an ectotherm? You know from its high and stable body temperature that it must be an endotherm. You subject this reptile to various temperatures in the lab and find that its body temperature and metabolic rate change with the ambient temperature. You conclude that it is an ectotherm. You measure the metabolic rate of the reptile, and because it is higher than that of a related species that lives in temperate forests, you conclude that this reptile is an endotherm and its relative is an ectotherm. You note that its environment has a high and stable temperature. Because its body temperature matches the environmental temperature, you conclude that it is an ectotherm. You know that it is an ectotherm because it is not a bird or mammal.
answer
You subject this reptile to various temperatures in the lab and find that its body temperature and metabolic rate change with the ambient temperature. You conclude that it is an ectotherm.
question
Which of the following animals uses the largest percentage of its energy budget for homeostatic regulation? a snake in a temperate forest a hydra a desert insect a marine jelly (an invertebrate) a desert bird
answer
a desert bird
question
Select the correct statement describing feedback control in animals. An animal may be a regulator for one environmental variable but a conformer for another. Positive feedback loops contribute to homeostasis. Ectotherms are regulators with respect to temperature.
answer
An animal may be a regulator for one environmental variable but a conformer for another.
question
How do endotherms and ectotherms differ? Endotherms are warm-blooded and ectotherms are cold-blooded. Endotherms are regulators and ectotherms are conformers. Endotherms and ectotherms differ in the means by which they regulate their body temperature.
answer
Endotherms and ectotherms differ in the means by which they regulate their body temperature.
question
Which statement about endotherms and ectotherms is correct? Ectotherms are more abundant and diverse than endotherms. Ectotherms are more primitive than endotherms. Endothermy is a more successful strategy for thermoregulation than ectothermy
answer
Ectotherms are more abundant and diverse than endotherms.