Chapter 4 – GEB 3373

1 June 2023
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______ is the collection of values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes that distinguish one society from another.
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culture
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According to the Chapter 4 lecture, data show that in countries with languages that have ____ gender markers, ____ serve on boards of directors and in senior management positions.
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more, fewer women
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Giving the "thumbs up" sign in the Middle East is
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rude
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You are working with different companies as you build your organization and would like to offer gifts for the help you have received from others. Which of the following countries would be less likely to see gifts as a conflict of interest? United Kingdom France Japan Canada
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Japan
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Which of the following countries is considered a high-context culture? Canada England China Germany
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China
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True or False: Nonverbal communication can be very useful in a business situation where you don't speak the language of your colleagues since gestures usually mean the same thing regardless of the culture in which you are operating.
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false
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All of the following are part of the Middle East cultural cluster EXCEPT: Iran, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Turkey
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Iran
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According to Hall's Approach, which of the following is considered a high-context culture? Asian, Scandinavian, American, Swiss
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asian
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A culture that values independence and a person's own career first has a(n) ______ social orientation
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individualist
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According to Hofstede's findings, cultures tend to be either _______ or _______.
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power respecting and collectivist, power tolerate and individualist
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All of the following are dimensions in Hofstede's framework for analyzing cultural differences EXCEPT goal orientation social orientation religious orientation power orientation
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religious orientation
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How is age valued differently in the U.S. compared with Asia?
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US values youthfulness and Asia values seniority
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Which of the following countries ranks very high on the Religious Diversity Index? Saudi Arabia the U.S. China Brazil
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China
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True or False: International businesses need to understand religions in the countries where they operate because religious holidays can significantly affect consumption patterns at certain times of the year.
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True
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In the last generation, the Smith family's wealth has decreased by $20,000. At the same time, the Smith family has moved from the lowest quartile of the income distribution to a middle quartile. This reflects a _____ in absolute economic mobility and a _____ in relative economic mobility.
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fall, rise
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Which of the following contains an example of an increase in relative mobility? A. Paolo's income increases by $1,000, and he moves from the lowest quartile of the income distribution to a middle quartile B. Paolo's income decreases by $1,000 C. Paolo's income increases by $1,000 D. Paolo's income increases by $1,000, and he moves from a middle quartile of the income distribution to the lowest quartile
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A
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The basic elements of culture include all of the following EXCEPT law, communication, language, religion
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law
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The ____ elements of culture are social structure, communication, values and attitudes, language, and religion.
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basic
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In what culture is an individual's status more likely to be conferred by group membership?
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Japanese
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According to Fred Hassan, former chairperson and CEO of Schering-Plough, all of the following are components of implementing a successful cross-cultural management strategy EXCEPT A. Continue to educate yourself B. Show faith in your team C. Hire more locals in foreign subsidiaries D. Create a common sense of purpose
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C
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The world's cultures are becoming ______ due to ______ communications technology.
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more similar, better
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Nissan CEO Carlos Ghosn's interactions with his employees worldwide demonstrated that his Latin European and Latin American employees were more _____, while his Japanese employees were more ________.
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power tolerant, power respecting
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____ mobility is the ability to move up and down the income ladder. There are two ways to measure this.
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economic
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_____ economic mobility refers to the upward and downward changes in income overtime.
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absolute
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_____ economic mobility refers to a person's rank within the income distribution as a whole. Think of an escalator or ladder where everyone is going up. You an be going the same way (or getting richer), but if other people are going there faster than you, then your ______ mobility is not upward.
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relative
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_____ at the ends is when the top and bottom stay there throughout generations.
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stickiness
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_____ provides clues about a society's cultural values. It can also tell you how diverse a market is.
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language
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True or false: language can signal differences in income, cultural values, and education levels. In South America poor rural indigenous people speak local Indian dialects and cannot communicate with the Spanish speaking elite.
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true
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One language in a country is a ______society. It is not a diverse society.
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homogenous
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More than one language, the more _______ society and the more diverse the society is.
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heterogeneous
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Lingua Franca is the dominant language. What is it currently?
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english
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You can avoid translation issues by using ____________. This is where one person translates document into another language and another person translates it back to the original language.
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backtranslation
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True or false: 80 - 90% of all communication is communicated non verbally.
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true
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_____ Saxon countries where English is the main language (U.S. and U.K.), "Time is money" and how fast you can get it done matters.
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Anglo
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True or false about education: US is widespread UK has a system of elite schools Germany has apprenticeships Japan/Francce prep students nationwide for exams that are very stressful. This will determine where you will go the rest of your life.
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true
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______ is the most culturally diverse. It is a continent of 55 countries.
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Africa
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____ context cultures are where you say what you mean. It is a very direct culture. In a business setting, it only matters what the contract says. Fact oriented. US, Canada, Germany, Switzerland
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low
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_____ context cultures are cultures that communicate in ways that are implicit and rely heavily on context where conversation occurring is just as important as words spoken. They value interpersonal relationships, and have members that form stable, close relationships.
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high
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_____ clusters are groupings where you will find similar languages, religion, preferences. Basically, if you are trying to enter a market, these markets are the ones most similar.
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cultural
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Hofstede's 6 dimensions for cultural differences are: 1. social orientation (individualist or collectivist) 2. power orientation (power respect - accept authority based on rank/person's position. OR power tolerance - follow leader because of skill, no position. There is more push back) 3. Uncertainty orientation (uncertainty acceptance where uncertainty is seen as an opportunity OR uncertainty avoidance where rules are there to be obeyed and your job is a lifetime commitment.) 4. Goal Orientation (aggressive goal behavior - value possessions and money. Gender roles are more strictly defined. AND passive goal behavior - more concerned with the overall quality of life. Value relationships. 5. ______ orientation (long term/pragmatic - not thinking about right now, but overall long term concept. Value hard work, dedication and perseverance. AND short term/normative - use past norms to focus on present behavior. Time is linear and we have a short term outlook. The past guides the future behavior. Black and white orientation) 6. Gratification Orientation (indulgent - society allows relatively free gratification of basic and natural human drives; sex drugs and rock and roll. OR Restrained - society suppresses gratification of needs and regulates it by means or social strict norms; ex: Muslim nations.
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time