The interior of Earth between a depth of 5200 kilometers and 6300 kilometers (inner core) is inferred to be composed mostly of [1].
answer
iron and nickel.
question
Based on the moon phase shown below, select which special tide will occur next.
answer
A spring tide will occur next
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Briefly explain the theory of plate tectonics.
answer
The theory of plate tectonics is that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates (lithospheric plates) that glide over the upper part of mantle (asthenosphere) like slabs of ice on a lake.
The movement of tectonic plates is the reason for Earthquakes, volcanoes, and other active geologic features that are mostly aligned along the plate boundaries.
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What was one of the main objections to Wegener's continental drift hypothesis?
answer
His inability to provide a proper mechanism to explain why tectonic plates move.
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Based on the diagram below, at what location(s) would you expect high tides to occur?
answer
A and C
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Complex mountain systems such as the Alps, Appalachians, and Himalayas are the result of [1].
answer
continental-continental convergence.
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The largest daily tidal ranges are associated with [1] tides.
answer
spring tides
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List four lines of evidence that were used to support continental drift hypothesis.
answer
1) Fit of South America and Africa
2) Fossils match across the seas
3) Rock types and structures match
4) Ancient climates
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Why does the Moon generate larger tidal forces than the Sun?
answer
Although the Sun is bigger, the Moon is much closer.
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The lowest daily tidal ranges are associated with neap tides.
answer
True
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How many spring and neap tides will a tide-recording station experience in a given month?
answer
2 spring tides and 2 neap tides
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Compared to the continental crust, the oceanic crust is
answer
more dense and thinner
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Which of the following moon stages is correlated with Spring tides?
answer
C and D
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In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis Effect causes ocean currents to be deflected to the left.
answer
False
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The wave height and the wavelength increase as a wave approaches the shore.
answer
neap tide
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Which of the following moon stages is correlated with Neap tides?
answer
A and B
question
The type of plate boundary where plates move apart, resulting in upwelling of material from the mantle to create a new seafloor, is a [1] boundary.
answer
divergent boundary
question
spring tides
answer
tides that have the greatest tidal range due to the alignment of the earth-moon-sun system
question
neap tides
answer
tides that have the lowest tidal range occurring near the times of the first-quarter and third-quarter phases of the moon.
question
Monthly tidal cycle
Spring tide
answer
During new and full moons
Gravitational forces added together
Especially high and low tides
Large daily tidal range
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Monthly tidal cycle
Neap tide
answer
First and third quarters of the Moon
Gravitational forces are offset
Daily tidal range is least
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Tidal patterns
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shape of the coastline, configuration of the ocean basin, water depth
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three main tidal patters
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diurnal tides, semidiurnal tides and mixed tides
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tidal current
answer
Horizontal flow accompanying the rise and fall of tides
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What do we call the tide that occurs when constructive interference between lunar and solar bulges produces a large tidal range?
answer
spring tide
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What are tides?
answer
the regular daily rises and falls in sea level caused by the gravitational attraction of the Moon and Sun on Earth
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What do we call the tide that occurs when destructive interference between lunar and solar bulges produces a small tidal range?
answer
neap tide
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Based on the diagram below, at what location would you expect the highest high tide to occur?
answer
A
High tides occur in line with the moon, and the highest high tide occurs on the opposite of the earth than the moon.
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Based on the diagram below, at which locations would you expect low tides to occur?
answer
B and D
Both B and D are places where low tides are likely to occur.
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Based on the moon phase shown below, select which special tide has occurred most recently and which special tide will occur next.
answer
A neap tide has most recently occurred.
A spring tide will occur next.
Explanation: The moon image shows a waning gibbous moon, or a moon going from a third quarter moon to a new moon.
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What is the relationship between the crust and the lithosphere?
answer
All of the crust is contained within a larger layer called the lithosphere.
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What is the relationship between the mantle and the lithosphere?
answer
Some of the mantle is contained within a smaller layer called the lithosphere.
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What is the relationship between the mantle and the asthenosphere?
answer
All of the asthenosphere is contained within a larger layer called the mantle.
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What surface feature provides evidence for the location of hot spots?
answer
volcanoes within tectonic plates
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What surface feature would you expect to form if both a hot spot and a tectonic plate are stationary?
answer
a single volcano
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Earth's lithospheric plates are composed of crust and which of the following layers?
answer
the outermost portion of the mantle
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Which of the following processes can be observed at the margins of lithospheric plates?
answer
At the margins of lithospheric plates, earthquakes, faults, volcanoes, and mountains occur where the plate edges interact.
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Earth's outer layer is composed of seven dominant plates. What is the name of this rigid outer layer?
answer
lithosphere
question
What type of plate interaction produces the San Andreas Fault?
answer
plates sliding past one another
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