Chapter 33 New Deal Acts/Reforms

31 August 2022
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NRA
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National Recovery Administration. Designed to assist industry, labor, and the unemployed. Businesses that agreed to the NRA would cooperate with other industries to create industry-wide codes for minimum wages and maximum hours. Workers were given the right to unionize. Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional. Recovery.
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PWA
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Public Works Administration. Intended for industrial recovery and unemployment relief. Long-range recovery was the primary purpose, and they spent over $4 billion on over 34,000 projects; like buildings, highways, dams, and power plants. Relief and recovery.
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CCC
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Civilian Conservation Corps. Provided employment in fresh-air government camps for 3 million uniformed young men. Reforestation, firefighting, flood control, swamp drainage, build trails. Conserved natural resources. They were paid $30 and were required to send $25 back home to their families. Relief.
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FERA
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Federal Emergency Relief Administration. Led by Harry Hopkins. Supplied states and local agencies with federal funds for unemployment relief. Provided many forms of direct aid to citizens. Granted about $3 billion to the states. Relief.
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SEC
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Securities and Exchange Commission. Given power to regulate the stock market, designed as a watchdog agency. Reform.
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CWA
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Civil Works Administration. A branch of FERA that was designed to provide temporary jobs during the winter emergency. Provided construction jobs for more than 4 million people. Worked on schools, roads, etc. Relief.
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NLRB (Wagner Act)
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National Labor Relations Board was created along with the Wagner Act. Guaranteed the right of unions to organize. Reform.
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REA
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Rural Electrification Administration. In 1935, only 10% of all farms had electricity. REA loaned money to companies that would extend power lines to rural areas. Reform.
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SSA
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Social Security Act. Provided for federal-state unemployment insurance. Retired workers would also recieve monthly paychecks. It also aided mothers and the disabled. Reform.
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WPA
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Works Progress Administration. Objective was employment on useful projects. Spent over $5 billion on public bridges, buildings, and roads. It also provided jobs for struggling artists and musicians. Made over 9 million new jobs in 8 years.Relief.
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FDIC
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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Insured bank deposits up to $5000. Boosted confidence in banks; caused deposits to outnumber withdrawals. Reform.
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TVA
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Tennessee Valley Authority. Goal was to improve living conditions for Tennessee Valley residents. Brought employment and cheap electricity to the area. TVA built dams along the valley to control flooding. They provided safe drinking water, generated electricity, replanted forest, attracted businesses, and created jobs. Recovery and reform.
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AAA
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Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Would eliminate price-depressing surpluses by paying farmers to reduce their crops acreage. Government paid farmers subsidies to leave parts of their fields fallow and kill excess livestock. This raised the farm income but lost jobs. Money for subsidies came from taxes on farm products. It was declared unconstitutional. Relief and recovery.