Chapter 3 Earth Science

Carbon-containing compounds that either occur in living organisms or resemble compounds in living organisms are called________.

When a solution becomes oversaturated, new solid particles are said to ________.

Natural glass is not considered a mineral because it ____________.

Which of the following is NOT true about minerals?

Minerals are all naturally occurring solid substances with a definable chemical composition. They must also possess ____________.

Which of the following is not a mineral? A. Quartz B. diamond C. petroleum D. gold

Which of the following is NOT a way for minerals to crystallize? A. Solidification of a melt (lava or magma) B. bonding carbon to oxygen atoms to form organic compounds C. solid-state diffusion D. Biomineralization

Which of the following is a mineral? A. granite B. lab-grown quartz crystal C. salt dissolved in water D. calcite

The __________ class of minerals contains the anion Sc.

The __________ class of minerals includes a substance commonly known as table salt.

Which class of minerals is highly conductive because of metallic bonding?

The tetrahedral structure that forms the backbone of all silicate minerals is composed of silicon and what other element?

The mineral olivine is in the __________ mineral class.

The framework silicates are the MOST complicated because

Minerals are grouped into mineral classes primarily on a basis of

The silicates are broken into several groups based on the way silica tetrahedra are

Calcite (CaCO3) is in which mineral class?

Potassium Feldspar is in which mineral class?

Pyrite is in what mineral class?

In which type of silicate are the greatest proportion of oxygen atoms shared by pairs of adjacent tetrahedra?

The mineral class that makes up more than 95% of rocks in the continental crust is termed the

Which layer of earth does NOT contain silicate materials?

A __________ is a mineral-lined cavity in a rock.

Minerals that grow around volcanic vents MOST likely form by__________.

Which of the following minerals is more commonly known as table salt?

The mantle is composed almost entirely of the mineral class _________.

Which of the following minerals is a silicate? A. Galena B. Olivine C. Calcite D. Quartz

Which common rock-forming mineral shows up in all three major rock types?

The color of a mineral in powdered form is termed:

Cleavage in minerals refers to ____________.

synthetically made glass and natural quartz crystals both exhibit a fracture pattern termed

Which of the following common minerals is the softest?

With regard to minerals, hardness refers to the ability to resist ________.

A mineral property defined by density of the mineral sample divided by the density of water is __________?

The image below shows a mineral specimen of quartz. What is the term for the smoothly curving, clamshell-shaped surface on the sample below?

The image below shows a mineral with hydrochloric acid applied to it. What mineral is this?

Trace amounts of impurity in a mineral can commonly produce significant differences in __________ amount individual crystals of this mineral.

Ore minerals, such as galena and hematite, tend to be different from typical minerals (such as quartz) in that they have _____________.

For most minerals, the streak color obtained when the mineral is scratched against a porcelain plate is ___________?

Geologists refer to an exposure of bedrock on the surface as a(n) ________.

Diamonds are usually found in __________.

A facet is a __________ on a gem.

Which of the following forms either by cementing together broken grains of preexisting rocks or by the precipitation of mineral crystals out of water solutions at or near Earth's surface?

The diamonds typically seen in engagement rings today do not display their natural crystal faces but rather _________, which are made by grinding the gem on a spinning lap.

What type of rock forms by the solidification of a melt?

Which of the following is NOT a way in which specific rock types can be distinguished from one another?

What type of rock forms when preexisting rocks undergo changes in response to a modification of their environment, without first melting?