CHapter 25

25 July 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
42 test answers

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers (38)
question
Which pair of alternatives is highlighted by the life cycle of the cellular slime molds, such as Dictyostelium?
answer
unicellular or multicellular
question
A large seaweed that floats freely on the surface of deep bodies of water would be expected to lack which of the following?
answer
holdfasts
question
Multicellular colonies of plant cells adhere to each other primarily by ________, whereas multicellular colonies of animal cells are typically held together by ________.
answer
cell walls; proteins
question
Earth probably formed __________ years ago, and the first life evolved as early as __________ years ago.
answer
4.5 billion ... 3.9 billion
question
The last common ancestor of fungi and animals was most likely a
answer
single-celled eukaryote.
question
Which of the following was derived from an ancestral cyanobacterium?
answer
chloroplast
question
Which of the following is a correct statement about cellular slime molds?
answer
Cellular slime molds form masses when food is scarce, but their cells remain separated.
question
A snail-like, coiled, porous test (shell) of calcium carbonate is characteristic of which group?
answer
foraminiferans
question
Why has the kingdom Protista been abandoned?
answer
The second and third answers are correct.
question
Coral bleaching, which causes high coral mortality, has been occurring widely in coral reefs. Coral bleaching actually refers to the death of symbiotic dinoflagellates living within the corals. Why does coral bleaching cause the corals to die?
answer
Dinoflagellates provide nutrients from the products of photosynthesis to the corals in exchange for a safe place to live.
question
Given its mode of reproduction and internal structures, which of the following should be expected to occur in Giardia at some stage of its life cycle? 1. separation (segregation) of daughter chromosomes 2. crossing over 3. meiosis
answer
1 only
question
Why can eukaryotes be considered "combination" organisms?
answer
Some of their genes and cellular characteristics were derived from archaea, and others from bacteria.
question
The evolution of multicellularity in animals has primarily occurred by
answer
changing how existing genes are used.
question
A sign on the beach reads, "Beach Closed. Red Tide." The organisms interfering with use of this beach are probably __________.
answer
dinoflagellates
question
Which of the following is the most likely sequence of events, from earliest to most recent, in the evolution of sponges (organisms with many cells that have different functions)? 1) single-celled eukaryote 2) single-celled prokaryote 3) multicellular eukaryote 4) colonial eukaryote
answer
2, 1, 4, 3
question
All protists are
answer
eukaryotic
question
The best evidence for not classifying the slime molds as fungi comes from slime molds'
answer
DNA sequences.
question
The evolution of multicellularity in animals required adaptations that promoted
answer
cellular adhesion and intercellular communication.
question
Plasmodium exhibits consumption in its interactions with mosquitoes and humans. Which process is not an example of consumption?
answer
Commensalism
question
Which form of Plasmodium is the immediate cause of anemia in humans?
answer
Merozoites
question
Which of the following statements about the Plasmodium parasite is true?
answer
Merozoites live off the hemoglobin and nutrients in red blood cells and divide to produce more merozoites, destroying red blood cells in the process.
question
How do humans combat infection by the Plasmodium parasite?
answer
Cytotoxic T cells destroy infected liver cells by recognizing a Plasmodium protein bound to an HLA protein on the surface of those cells.
question
True or false? One example of a coevolutionary arms race is when faster deer evolve and favor wolves and cougars that have stronger eyesight and senses of smell.
answer
true
question
The cells of _____ and _____ have modified mitochondria.
answer
diplomonads ...parabasalids
question
The members of _____ are characterized by cells with small membrane-bounded cavities under their cell membranes.
answer
Alveolata
question
Golden algae, brown algae, red algae, chlorophytes, and charophyceans are some examples of protists that are _____.
answer
photosynthetic
question
Which of these groups consist of parasitic flagellated cells, such as Trypanosoma, the organism that causes sleeping sickness?
answer
kinetoplastids
question
Which three groups contain large algae known as seaweeds?
answer
brown algae, red algae, and green algae
question
Stramenopiles include all of the following groups EXCEPT ______.
answer
cellular slime molds
question
Which of these groups is characterized by glasslike walls containing silica?
answer
diatoms
question
Plasmodium, the parasitic organism that causes malaria, is a _____.
answer
apicomplexan
question
A paramecium is a(n) _____.
answer
ciliate
question
The largest seaweeds are _____.
answer
brown algae
question
All of the organisms classified as _____ move and feed using cilia.
answer
ciliates
question
Which group is characterized by cells with fine hairlike projections on their flagella?
answer
Stramenopila
question
Which of these algal groups possess a photosynthetic pigment that allows them to live in deep water?
answer
red algae
question
Which of these groups includes both aquatic decomposers and the parasites responsible for late potato blight?
answer
oomycetes
question
Part complete Which algal group has chloroplasts much like those of green plants in structure and pigment makeup?
answer
chlorophytes
question
The chloroplasts of land plants are thought to have been derived according to which evolutionary sequence?
answer
cyanobacteria β†’ green algae β†’ land plants
question
Miller and Urey's experiments that attempted to recreate conditions on early Earth were significant because __________.
answer
they showed that organic molecules, such as amino acids, could be produced from inorganic molecules
question
Which of the following is true of secondary endosymbiosis?
answer
An organism containing an endosymbiont is engulfed by another organism and becomes an endosymbiont.
question
According to the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, how did mitochondria originate?
answer
from engulfed, originally free-living proteobacteria