Chapter 14 Test 3

25 July 2022
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question
1) The energy source responsible for molecular motions in Earth's atmosphere is A) their own natural kinetic energy. B) pressure caused by the weight of air. C) atmospheric tides. D) the Sun.
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D) the Sun.
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2) Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space due to A) their chaotic speeds. B) their relatively low densities. C) Earth gravitation. D) cohesive forces.
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C) Earth gravitation.
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3) Compared to the ocean, Earth's atmosphere is different in that A) its density varies with depth. B) it has a less-distinct surface. C) molecules are more greatly spaced. D) all of the above E) none of the above
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D) all of the above
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4) About what percentage of molecules in the air make up the atmosphere below a 6-kilometer altitude? A) 20% B) 30% C) 40% D) 50% E) more than 50%
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E) more than 50%
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5) The air in your classroom has A) mass. B) weight. C) energy. D) all of the above E) none of the above
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D) all of the above
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6) Atmospheric pressure is caused by the A) density of the atmosphere. B) weight of the atmosphere. C) temperature of the atmosphere. D) solar energy on the atmosphere.
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B) weight of the atmosphere.
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7) In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of A) capillary action. B) surface tension. C) atmospheric pressure. D) Bernoulli's principle. E) none of the above
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C) atmospheric pressure.
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8) At normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, 1 cubic meter of air has a mass of about A) 1.00 kg. B) 1.25 kg. C) 2.00 kg. D) 2.25 kg.
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B) 1.25 kg.
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9) When a suction cup sticks to a wall it is A) pulled to the wall by the vacuum. B) pushed to the wall by the atmosphere. C) both of these D) neither of these
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B) pushed to the wall by the atmosphere.
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10) Approximately how much air is in a column 1-cm2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere? A) 1 gram B) 1 kg C) 10 kg D) 100 kg
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B) 1 kg
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11) What approximate weight of air is in a column 1-cm2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere? A) 0.01 N B) 10 N C) 100 N D) 1000 N
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B) 10 N
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12) The weight of air in a column 1-m2 in cross section that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere is A) 101 N. B) 10,100 N. C) 101,000 N. D) 101,000,000 N.
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C) 101,000 N.
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13) About how high can water at sea level be theoretically lifted by a vacuum pump? A) less than 10.3 m B) 10.3 m C) more than 10.3 m
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B) 10.3 m
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14) A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the column instead contained the same mass of mercury, its height would be about A) 3/4 meter. B) 10.3 meters. C) 5.6 kilometers. D) none of the above
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A) 3/4 meter.
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15) A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the column instead contained the same mass of water, its height would be about A) 3/4 meter. B) 10.3 meters. C) 5.6 kilometers. D) none of the above
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B) 10.3 meters.
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16) Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting capillarity, compared with the wider tube, mercury in the smaller tube will rise A) to the same height. B) twice as high. C) four times as high. D) more than four times as high. E) none of the above
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A) to the same height.
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17) Two vertical tubes of equal cross-sectional areas are filled with liquids to heights producing atmospheric pressure at their bottoms. One liquid is water and the other is mercury. Both liquids have equal A) volumes. B) densities. C) weights. D) viscosity. E) none of the above
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C) weights.
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18) Alcohol is less dense than water. If alcohol is used to make a barometer at normal atmospheric pressure, the height of the alcohol column would be A) less than 10.3 m. B) 10.3 m. C) more than 10.3 m.
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C) more than 10.3 m.
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19) Marshmallows in a vacuum become A) larger. B) smaller. C) flat. D) a hollow shell. E) none of the above
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A) larger.
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20) It would be easier to pull the evacuated Magdeburg hemispheres apart if they were A) held upside down. B) at sea level. C) 20 km beneath the ocean surface. D) 20 km above the ocean surface. E) none of the above
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D) 20 km above the ocean surface.
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21) If one of the pair of Magdeburg hemispheres were fastened to a strong tree, the force needed by a single party to pull them apart would be A) half as much. B) the same. C) twice as much. D) none of the above
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B) the same.
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22) The mass of air inside an average mid-size automobile is about A) 0.2 kg. B) 2 kg. C) 20 kg. D) 200 kg. E) 2000 kg.
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B) 2 kg.
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23) The weight of air in a bathtub (about 1/3 cubic meter) is about the same as the weight of A) a pea. B) an egg. C) a small apple. D) a pound of butter. E) a 10-pound sack of potatoes.
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D) a pound of butter.
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24) When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume with no change in temperature, the gas pressure A) halves. B) doubles. C) quadruples. D) remains the same.
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B) doubles.
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25) When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume, its density A) halves. B) doubles. C) quadruples. D) remains the same.
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B) doubles.
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26) When a gas in a container expands to twice its volume, its density A) halves. B) doubles. C) quadruples. D) remains the same.
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A) halves.
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27) When boarding an airplane you bring a bag of chips. While in flight the bag puffs up, because A) air pressure in the air-tight bag is greater than cabin air pressure. B) suction is occurring. C) air pressure is affected by the Bernoulli principle. D) all the above E) none of the above
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A) air pressure in the air-tight bag is greater than cabin air pressure.
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28) A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake A) rises to the top at constant volume. B) becomes smaller as it rises. C) becomes larger as it rises. D) alternately expands and contracts as it rises. E) none of the above
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C) becomes larger as it rises.
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29) While Debbie Diver holds her breath and swims deeper and deeper beneath the water's surface, her density A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.
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A) increases.
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30) A scuba diver losing her air supply while far beneath the water surface is advised when ascending to A) hold air in her lungs. B) allow air to escape her lungs. C) panic.
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A) hold air in her lungs.
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31) A swimmer cannot snorkel more than a meter deep because air A) in the lungs cannot easily be expelled. B) tends to liquefy in the snorkel tube. C) is buoyed up leaving the swimmer breathless. D) at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs. E) all of the above
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D) at the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs.
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32) The depth to which an inverted drinking glass must be pushed beneath the water surface to squeeze the enclosed air to half its volume is A) 76 cm. B) 10.3 m. C) 14.7 m. D) 20.6 m. E) 29.4 m.
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B) 10.3 m.
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33) Archimedes' principle applies to A) liquids. B) gases. C) fluids. D) all of the above
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D) all of the above liquids. gases. fluids
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34) The buoyant force of the atmosphere on a body is equal to the A) weight of air displaced. B) volume of air displaced. C) mass of the air displaced. D) all of the above E) none of the above
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A) weight of air displaced.
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35) The flight of a blimp best illustrates A) Archimedes' principle. B) Pascal's principle. C) Bernoulli's principle. D) Boyle's law.
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A) Archimedes' principle.
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36) The buoyant force on a one-ton blimp hovering in air is A) zero. B) one ton. C) less than one ton. D) more than one ton.
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B) one ton.
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37) Inside the same room, buoyant force is greater on A) a helium-filled party balloon. B) an elephant. C) both the same
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B) an elephant.
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38) A buoyant force acts on A) gas-filled balloons. B) you and your classmates. C) both of these D) neither of these
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C) both of these gas-filled balloons. you and your classmates.
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39) Compared with air pressure on the outside, air pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is A) less. B) equal. C) greater. D) need more information
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C) greater.
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40) As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in A) volume. B) density. C) weight. D) mass. E) none of the above Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: Buoyancy of Air
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A) volume.
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41) As a high-altitude balloon rises higher into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in A) volume. B) density. C) weight. D) mass. E) none of the above
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B) density.
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42) As a balloon high in the atmosphere descends, it undergoes a decrease in A) volume. B) density. C) weight. D) mass. E) none of the above
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A) volume.
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43) As a balloon rises higher and higher into the atmosphere its A) volume decreases. B) density increases. C) weight increases. D) mass decreases. E) none of the above
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E) none of the above
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44) A common 5-liter metal can will float in air if it is A) evacuated of air. B) filled with a very large amount of helium. C) thrown high enough. D) no way, unless the displaced air weighs more than the can and its contents!
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D) no way, unless the displaced air weighs more than the can and its contents!
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45) An object in a vacuum has no A) buoyant force. B) mass. C) weight. D) temperature. E) all of the above
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A) buoyant force.
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46) A helium-filled balloon released in the atmosphere will rise until A) the pressure inside the balloon equals atmospheric pressure. B) atmospheric pressure on the bottom and top of the balloon are equal. C) the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities. D) all of the above E) none of the above
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C) the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities
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47) Compared with the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is A) considerably less. B) considerably more. C) the same.
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C) the same.
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48) Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-kilogram iron block, the buoyant force on a nearby 1-kilogram helium-filled balloon is A) considerably less. B) considerably more. C) the same.
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B) considerably more.
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49) If you stand on a weighing scale and suddenly the atmosphere vanishes, taking buoyancy into account, the scale reading A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same. D) quickly reduces to zero.
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A) increases.
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50) Assuming no change in temperature, as a freely expanding helium-filled balloon rises in the atmosphere, the buoyant force acting on it A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains nearly the same.
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C) remains nearly the same.
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51) A large block of wood and a smaller block of iron on weighing scales both register 1 ton. Taking buoyancy of air into account, which has the greater mass? A) wood B) iron C) both have the same mass. D) need more information
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A) wood
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52) Release a ball inside a freely falling elevator and it falls directly in front of you instead of "falling to the floor," because you, ball, elevator, and enclosed air are in free fall. If you do the same with a helium-filled balloon, the balloon will A) also remain in front of you. B) press against the ceiling. C) press against the floor. D) slowly rise. E) slowly fall.
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A) also remain in front of you.
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53) A car with closed windows makes a left hand turn. A helium-filled balloon in the car moves to the A) right. B) left. C) front. D) back. E) none of the above
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B) left.
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54) An empty jar is pushed open-side downward into water so that trapped air cannot escape. As it is pushed deeper, the buoyant force on the jar A) increases. B) decreases. C) increases, then decreases. D) decreases, then increases. E) remains the same.
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B) decreases.
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55) As a fluid gains speed, its internal pressure A) increases. B) remains unchanged. C) decreases.
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C) decreases.
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56) Airplane flight best illustrates A) Archimedes' principle. B) Pascal's principle. C) Bernoulli's principle. D) Boyle's law.
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C) Bernoulli's principle.
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57) The principle of continuity states that for fluid flow to be continuous it must A) speed up in narrow regions of flow. B) slow down in wide regions of flow. C) both of these D) neither of these
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C) both of these
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58) According to the principle of continuity, the velocity of a fluid multiplied by the cross section through which it flows at one point will equal the product of A) velocity and cross section at another point. B) velocity and pressure at another point. C) a constraint factor. D) none of the above
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A) velocity and cross section at another point.
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59) When water is turned on in a shower, the shower curtain moves towards the water spray. This partly involves A) capillary action. B) surface tension. C) pressure changes in moving fluids. D) none of the above
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C) pressure changes in moving fluids.
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60) Wind blowing over the top of a hill A) increases atmospheric pressure there. B) decreases atmospheric pressure there. C) does not affect atmospheric pressure there.
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B) decreases atmospheric pressure there.
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61) The tarp covering on a trailer or truck puffs upward for fast-moving vehicles, which illustrates A) Pascal's principle. B) Archimedes' principle. C) the principle of continuity. D) Bernoulli's principle.
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D) Bernoulli's principle.
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62) A spinning tossed baseball veers off course in the direction of A) reduced air pressure on the ball. B) increased air pressure on the ball. C) non-crowded streamlines.
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A) reduced air pressure on the ball.
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63) A spinning tossed baseball veers off course in the direction of A) crowded streamlines. B) non-crowded streamlines. C) onward-coming streamlines.
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A) crowded streamlines.
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64) The Bernoulli effect causes passing ships to be drawn together when the ships are close and moving in A) the same direction. B) opposite directions. C) either of these
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C) either of these
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65) The Bernoulli effect causes fast-moving vans on the highway to be drawn together when A) air speeds up in passing between them. B) air between them stagnates. C) they experience lift. D) all of the above
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A) air speeds up in passing between them.
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66) When you blow air between a pair of closely-spaced Ping-Pong balls suspended by strings, the balls will swing A) toward each other. B) away from each other. C) away from the air stream, but not necessarily toward or away from each other.
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A) toward each other.
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67) An umbrella tends to move upwards on a windy day principally because A) trapped air under the umbrella, warms, and rises. B) buoyancy increases with increasing wind speed. C) air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface. D) all of the above
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C) air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface.
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A) solid phase. B) liquid phase. C) gaseous phase. D) plasma phase. E) none of the above
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D) plasma phase.
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69) A plasma differs from a gas in that A) its molecules are farther apart. B) it is hotter than a gas. C) it is electrically conducting. D) its atoms are boosted to higher atomic numbers. E) all of the above
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C) it is electrically conducting.
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70) The main difference between gases and plasmas has to do with A) the kinds of elements involved. B) interatomic spacing. C) electrical conduction. D) fluid pressure. E) the proportion of matter to antimatter in the universe.
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C) electrical conduction.
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71) Which is an example of matter in a plasma phase? A) dry ice B) a torch flame C) molten lava D) liquid hydrogen E) none of the above
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B) a torch flame
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72) Most of the matter in our galaxy is in the A) solid phase. B) liquid phase. C) gaseous phase. D) plasma phase. E) none of the above
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D) plasma phase.
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73) When a common fluorescent lamp is lit, the mercury vapor inside is actually in a A) gaseous phase. B) liquid phase. C) plasma phase. D) solid phase. E) none of the above
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C) plasma phase.
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74) Glowing plasma is evident in the light from A) a fluorescent lamp. B) the aurora borealis (northern lights). C) some TV screens. D) all the above E) none of the above
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D) all the above
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75) Plasmas are a central part of power generation in A) MHD generators. B) turbo generators. C) both of these D) neither of these
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A) MHD generators.
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76) Which of the following bodies is comprised mostly of plasma? A) Earth B) Moon C) Sun D) all of the above E) none of the above
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C) Sun
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77) When a gas is heated and becomes a plasma, its electric charge is usually A) balanced. B) negative. C) positive. D) non-existent. E) none of these
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A) balanced.
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78) Most of the mass of material that makes up a plasma is A) electrically neutral. B) always positively charged. C) always negatively charged.
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A) electrically neutral.