Chapter 14 EMT

A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should

Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?

You are dispatched to a residence for a 56-year-old male with an altered mental status. Upon arrival at the scene, the patient's wife tells you that he complained of chest pain the day before, but would not allow her to call EMS. The patient is semiconscious; has rapid, shallow respirations; and has a thready pulse. You should:

Upon arriving at the residence of a patient with a possible cardiac problem, it is MOST important to:

Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle:

Prompt transport of a patient with a suspected AMI is important because:

A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood flow to the ischemic myocardium by:

The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the:

An acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs when:

The iliac arteries immediately subdivide into the

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the

Which of the following medications is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots from forming or getting bigger?

A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:

Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker?

When the myocardium requires more oxygen

Which of the following would cause the greatest increase in cardiac output?

Ventricular tachycardia causes hypotension because:

Angina pectoris most commonly occurs when:

The descending aorta divides into the two iliac arteries at the level of the

A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because the:

After assisting your patient with his or her nitroglycerin, you should

Defibrillator pads are placed on the patient's chest with one pad to the

When treating a patient with chest pain, you should assume that he or she is having an AMI because:

The purpose of defibrillation is to:

When would it be MOST appropriate for a patient to take his or her prescribed nitroglycerin?

Which of the following statements regarding the AED and defibrillation is correct?

The myocardium receives oxygenated blood from the __________, which originate(s) from the __________.

Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because

A 67-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 94/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Treatment for this patient includes:

Nitroglycerin relieves cardiac-related chest pain by

The inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart from all of the following areas, EXCEPT the:

Prior to assisstin a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin, the EMT should:

A 67-year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic during transport. You should:

The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously without a stimulus from a nerve source is called:

When the myocardium requires more oxygen:

A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when:

In contrast to monophasic defibrillation, biphasic defibrillation:

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should:

The MOST common error associated with the use of the AED is

Which of the following cardiac arrhythmias has the greatest chance of deteriorating into a pulseless rhythm?

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term used to describe:

Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:

Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle

The posterior tibial pulse can be palpated

The AED is MOST advantageous to the EMT because:

Rapid, labored breathing in a patient with signs and symptoms of AMI should make you suspicious for:

What is the function of the left atrium?

A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood flow to the ischemic myocardium by

Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:

In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system

The purpose of defibrillation is to

Major risk factors for AMI include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients

when an electrical impulse reaches the AV node, it is slowed for a brief period of time so that :

Prior to defibrillating a patient with an AED, it is MOST important that you:

Which of the following signs or symptoms would you NOT expect to encounter in a patient with congestive heart failure?

The electrical stimulus that originates in the heart's primary pacemaker is controlled by impulses from the brain that arrive by way of the:

Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT

After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:

The MOST common reason that many people experiencing AMI do not seek immediate medical attention is because they

Most patients are instructed by their physician to take up to _______ doses of nitroglycerin before calling EMS

Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?

A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an implanted pacemaker. The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do?

Sudden death following AMI is MOST often caused by:

When documenting a patient's description of his or her chest pain or discomfort, the EMT should:

Which of the following statements regarding the pain associated with AMI is correct?

Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:

Which of the following is of LEAST pertinence when obtaining medical history information from a patient complaining of chest discomfort?

Your EMS team is performing CPR on a 60-year-old male in cardiac arrest. You connect the AED, push the analyze button, and receive a "no shock advised" message. You should:

Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by:

The AED has delivered a shock to an elderly male in cardiac arrest. Following 2 minutes of CPR, you reanalyze the patient's cardiac rhythm and receive a "no shock advised" message. After further resuscitation, you restore a palpable carotid pulse. Your next action should be to:

Which of the following is a major difference between angina pectoris and AMI?

A 66-year-old woman presents with a stabbing pain in the middle of her chest that radiates to her back. She tells you that the pain suddenly began about 30 minutes ago and has been severe since the onset. She has a history of hypertension, but admits to being noncompliant with her antihypertensive medications. When you assess her, you find that her blood pressure is significantly higher in her left arm than it is in her right arm. What are her signs and symptoms MOST indicative of?

Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?

The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:

In contrast to AMI, a dissecting aortic aneurysm: