ScienceBiologyChapter 13 Worksheet
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Chapter 13 Worksheet

Ileana Gray avatar Ileana Gray
24 July 2022
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question
The spinal cord serves four principle functions: conduction, neural integration, locomotion and reflexes.
answer
true
question
Functions of the spinal cord include which of the following?
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Conduction, locomotion, reflexes
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The spinal cord achieves the function of locomotion through __________.
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groups of neurons called central pattern generators
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Drag each label into the appropriate category to designate whether the given item is part of the spinal cord or not.
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Spinal Cord: - gray commisure - anterior funiculus - posterior funiculus - posterior horn - lateral spinothalamic tract Peripheral Nervous System: - rootlets - posterior root - sacral plexus - posterior root ganglion - ventral ramus
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In an adult, the spinal cord ends at which vertebra?
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Between L1 and L2
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What are the regions of the spinal cord?
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Thoracic, lumbar, cervical, sacral
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What are meninges?
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Fibrous connective tissue membranes covering the central nervous system
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Which of the following are made of gray matter?
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anterior, posterior and lateral horns
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What are the three pairs of funiculi in the spinal cord?
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Posterior, lateral, anterior
question
Drag each label to the appropriate region of the spinal cord.
Drag each label to the appropriate region of the spinal cord.
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left side top to bottom: - cervical enlargement - lumbosacral enlargement - medullary cone - cauda equina - terminal filum right side top to bottom: - dural sheath - subarachnoid space
question
Within the spinal cord, which tracts carry information up to the brain?
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Sensory
question
How many spinal nerves are in each region of the spinal cord in order from superior to inferior?
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8, 12, 5, 5, 1
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Muscles and nerves exhibit similarities in structure and nomenclature. Drag each label into the appropriate position to identify the neural structure that would correspond to the muscular image.
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top to bottom: - Epineurium / Epimysium - Nerve/Muscle fascicle - Perineurium / Perimysium left to right: - Nerve fibers - Endoneurium / Endomysium - Muscle fiber
question
What is the loose connective tissue surrounding an individual nerve fiber called?
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Endoneurium
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Which spinal nerve roots carry sensory nerve signals?
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Posterior
question
Correctly identify and label the structures associated with the branches of the spinal nerve in relation to the spinal cord.
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top to bottom: - posterior root - posterior root ganglion - anterior root - spinal cord
question
Correctly identify and label the structures associated with the branches of the spinal nerve in relation to the spinal cord.
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left side top to bottom: - posterior ramus - anterior ramus - communicating rami right side top to bottom: - spinal nerve - meningeal branch - sympathetic ganglion
question
Correctly match the nerve plexus with the spinal nerves that comprise it.
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Brachial plexus- C5 to T1 Cervical plexus- C1-C5 Lumbar plexus- L1-L4 Sacral plexus- L4, L5, and S1-S4
question
Which of the following statements is true regarding dermatomes?
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Dermatomes overlap at their edges by as much as 50%.
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Correctly identify and label the dermatome(s) represented by each statement.
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left side top to bottom: - Sensation is lost here due to damage of the cervical spinal nerves. - Sensation is lost here due to damage of the thoracic spinal nerves. - Sensation is lost here due to damage of the sacral spinal nerves. right side top to bottom: - Severing the spinal cord here would result in quadraplegia. - Severing the spinal cord here would result in paraplegia. - Sensation is lost here due to damage of the lumbar spinal nerves.
question
What is a reflex?
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A stereotyped, involuntary response to a stimulus
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Reflexes have four important properties: they require stimulation, they are quick, they are involuntary, and they are stereotyped.
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true
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Which portion of a reflex arc is located entirely within the central nervous system?
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Interneuron
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Which of the following is/are a component of all spinal reflex arcs? Check all that apply.
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- Receptor - Afferent neuron - Integrating center - Efferent neuron
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In which reflex is there a quick contraction of flexor muscles in response to a painful stimulus?
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Flexor
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Drag each label into the appropriate category to designate which reflex is described by the following terms.
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Stretch Reflex: - muscle spindles are the receptor - initiated by an increase in muscle length - is monosynaptic Tendon Reflex: - inhibits excessive muscle contraction - tendon organs are the receptors Flexor Reflex: - marked by removal of the body segment from injurious elements Crossed-extensor Reflex: - marked by actions to stabilize the limb opposite of injurious agents - is contralateral - marked by actions that stabilize the contralateral limb All Reflexes: - utilizes an integrating center
question
Listen to the pronunciation and then type the term(s) into the box.
answer
neuralgia