Chapter 13 Quiz

a. German
Explanation: Hildegard of Bingen was born into a German noble family. Her family was very religious and she was educated by her uncle, a Benedictine monk. Hildegard became a nun at the age of fifteen and she eventually founded her own monastery at Rupertsberg. Hildegard is best known for her religious writings and her music.

b.scivias
Explanation: Hildegard's collection of poetry and visions is called Scivias. This is a Latin term meaning know the way" or "know the paths." The title refers to Hildegard's belief that her writings could help others find their way to God."

c. over three thousand
Explanation: There is no one answer to this question as the number of Gregorian chants that survive today depends on a number of factors, including how you define a Gregorian chant" and how you count partial or fragmentary chants. However, a rough estimate would be that there are over three thousand complete or nearly complete Gregorian chants that survive today in various manuscripts and sources."

a.melismatic
Explanation: d. text paintingThe word melismatic" comes from the Greek word melos, meaning "song" or "melody." When applied to chant, it means that there are multiple notes for each syllable of text. This was a common style of singing in the Middle Ages, particularly in sacred music."

b. the Middle East
Explanation: d. GreeceThere are a few possible explanations for this similarity. One is that the early Christian church absorbed and adapted musical traditions from the cultures around them. Another is that the church sought to create a musical style that would be familiar and appealing to converts from these other cultures. Finally, it is possible that the church simply borrowed some of the musical elements from these other traditions.

c.responsorial singing
Explanation: d. madrigal singingResponsorial singing is a type of music where a soloist and chorus sing back and forth, exchanging lines of the song. This type of music often has a call and response format, with the soloist singing a line and the chorus responding.

a.they are modal
Explanation: There are several reasons why medieval chants can sound unfamiliar to a modern listener. One reason is that they are modal, meaning that they are based on a system of modes rather than on major and minor keys. This can make the chants sound strange to someone used to hearing music in major and minor keys. Another reason is that they are tonal, meaning that they use a lot of dissonance and unusual harmonic progressions. This can make the chants sound harsh or discordant to a modern listener. Finally, many medieval chants are only hummed, rather than sung with words, which can make them sound mysterious or otherworldly.

c.wide leaps
Explanation: in the melody dHildegard's praise songs feature wide leaps in the melody, whereas most Gregorian chants feature more stepwise motion. This gives Hildegard's music a more flowing, expressive quality.

a. unison
Explanation: d. counterpointWhen multiple people sing a monophonic chant together, it is called singing in unison. This means that everyone is singing the same melody at the same time.

d. they are in Hebrew and Syrian
Explanation: While it is true that the composers of most Gregorian chant melodies are unknown, there are over 3,000 in existence, and they are in Latin. Hebrew and Syrian chants do exist, but they are not as prevalent as Latin chants.

FALSE
Explanation:While it is true that the composers of most Gregorian chant melodies are unknown, there are over 3,000 in existence, and they are in Latin. Hebrew and Syrian chants do exist, but they are not as prevalent as Latin chants.

TRUE
Explanation: Hildegard took her vows at age fourteen. This means that she committed herself to a religious life at a very young age. She may have been inspired by a religious figure in her life, or she may have felt a calling to a life of service. Whatever the reason, Hildegard's decision to take her vows at such a young age shows her dedication to her faith.

FALSE
Explanation: Hildegard's Alleluia, O virgo mediatrix is a Gregorian chant.This chant is a Marian antiphon, which is a type of religious song sung in honor of the Virgin Mary. The word Alleluia" is derived from the Hebrew word for "praise," and the word "mediatrix" means "mediator." This chant is believed to date back to the 12th century."

TRUE
Explanation: False. The chant was actually written for the feast day of St. Ursula.

FALSE
Explanation: The idea that women were divinely connected was based on the belief that they were closer to God than men. This was because they were seen as being more nurturing and loving, and because they were thought to be more in touch with their emotions.

FALSE
Explanation: False. While members of medieval religious communities did spend a lot of time praying, they also engaged in other activities. For example, they often worked in the community's gardens or kitchens, and some religious orders even ran hospitals or schools.

FALSE
Explanation: Pope Gregory the Great is widely credited with having composed the melodies for Gregorian chant. However, there is no hard evidence that he actually composed any of the chants himself. It is more likely that he compiled and codified existing chants that were already in use.

FALSE
Explanation: False. The chants of the church used a variety of scale patterns, including the major and minor scale patterns.

TRUE

FALSE
Explanation: The text setting in Alleluia, O virga mediatrix is mostly syllabic, which means that there is one note for each syllable. This is in contrast to melismatic or neumatic settings, where there may be several notes for each syllable.