Chapter 13 Oceanography

Match the organism with its correct descriptor of energy use or trophic level. flounder consumer producer

Match the organism with its correct descriptor of energy use or trophic level. Sargassum -consumer -producer

Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference. anchovy herbivore carnivore autotroph omnivore

Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference. diatom omnivore autotroph carnivore herbivore

Match the organism or definition with the correct description of its food preference. an organism that feeds on plants or animals herbivore omnivore autotroph carnivore

Match the term or phrase with its best descriptor. aquaculture available biomass of a target species dolphins and other mammal protection maximum catch without reducing the population of target species incidental catch farming of commercial fish and shellfish

Match the term or phrase with its best descriptor. maximum sustainable yield - available biomass of a target species -incidental catch -maximum catch without reducing the population of target species -dolphins and other mammal protection -farming of commercial fish and shellfish

The color of light most readily absorbed by water is _________. red yellow green blue violet

In primary production: there is a net gain in organic carbon by organisms. oxygen utilized by animals is less than the oxygen consumed by autotrophs. oxygen is utilized by plants. proteins are made by animals. carbon dioxide is released into the water.

In general, the rate at which energy is stored by organisms through the formation of organic matter is called: biomass. chlorophyll. compensation depth. primary productivity. upwelling.

The depth at which the cellular respiration rate equals the photosynthetic rate is referred to as the: compensation depth. euphotic zone. epipelagic depth. productive zone. calcium compensation depth.

In dead zones resulting from eutrophication, animal life is absent due to the lack of _________. light oxygen nitrates carbon dioxide phosphates

Diatoms, important producers in the epipelagic open ocean, are members of the Division: Pyrrophyta. Haptophyta. Chrysophyta. Chlorophyta. Angiospermae.

Important marine autotrophs that have silica incorporated into their cell walls are: coccolithophorids. cyanobacteria. radiolarians. diatoms. dinoflagellates.

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. Avicennia (black mangrove) B. Rhizophora (red mangrove) C. Sargassum (Gulf weed) D. Spartina (marsh grass) E. Zostera (eelgrass)

Summer productivity in temperate waters typically is hampered by _________. freshwater runoff too many "grazers" a strong thermocline too much sunlight excessive downwelling

The percentage of biomass regularly decomposed within the euphotic zone is about: 1%. 10%. 30%. 50%. 90%.

The relative productivity in the world's oceans from most productive to least productive is: polar waters, tropical waters, temperate waters. temperate waters, polar waters, tropical waters. polar waters, temperate waters, tropical waters. tropical waters, temperate waters, polar waters. temperate waters, tropical waters, polar waters.

Productivity in polar oceans is: nutrient-limited. light and nutrient-limited. oxygen-limited. nutrient and oxygen-limited. light-limited.

Although primary productivity in tropical areas is generally low, which of the following tropical locations have unusually high primary productivity rates? equatorial upwelling zones dead zones coral reefs coastal upwelling zones All of the above tropical areas have relatively high primary productivity.

In temperate oceans of the northern hemisphere during the summer months: nutrient concentrations are high, solar input is high, and dissolved oxygen decreases. nutrient concentrations are high, solar input is low, and dissolved oxygen decreases. nutrient concentrations are low, solar input is high, and dissolved oxygen increases. nutrient concentrations are low, solar input is high, and dissolved oxygen decreases. nutrient concentrations are high, solar input is high, and dissolved oxygen increases.

Amphipods are _________. carnivorous feeders primary consumers deposit feeders filter feeders primary producers

Energy flow in an ecosystem is: top down. bi-directional. unidirectional. cyclic. semi-conservative.

Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. bacteriovores B. carnivores C. decomposers D. biogeochemical cycle E. herbivores

With the depletion of fish stocks in coastal waters, more fishing is being conducted in deeper waters. Deep-water species are becoming endangered at a rapid rate, primarily because _________. - most deep-water organisms have lower metabolic rates; therefore, they grow, mature, and reproduce at a slower rate -governments target deep-water species when they subsidize their fishing industries -fisheries management agencies have become more aggressive in placing species on the endangered list -deep-water fishes taste better and are in higher demand -deep-water fishing gear is more efficient and takes a higher percentage of the fish population

If 10,000 kilocalories (kcal) of energy were contained in the primary producers (trophic level 1), on average how many kcal of energy would you expect to be transferred to second-order consumers (trophic level 3)? 1 kcal 10 kcal 10,000 kcal 100 kcal 1,000 kcal

The mass of a population of fish present at a given time is called its: fish stock. diversity. maximum sustainable yield. standing stock. recruitment mass.

Catches above the maximum sustainable yield: result in overfishing. result in increased populations of the target species. result in underutilization of the target species. produce decreased fishing effort. can be increased to prevent overfishing.

Of the following types of organisms, which one is considered to be LOWEST in a marine food web? Select only one answer. blue whales burrowing clams photosynthetic bacteria Zooplankton large nekton marine worms