Chapter 13

The most common type of family for children in the United States is the _____.

Who is MOST likely to experience few psychological problems during middle childhood?

Carla is usually good because she is afraid that she will be punished if she isn't. Carla is at which level of Lawrence Kohlberg's view of moral development?

A study that followed married parents and their adolescent children found that _____ on the adolescents' well-being.

About one father in ____ has physical custody of his children and raises them without their mother or a new wife.

Family structure refers to _____.

Ten-year-old India caught Lyndsey, her best friend, lying to her own mom. India will probably _____.

Jenny is always friendly. When someone tells her a secret she does not tell other friends. She also is helpful and cooperates with others to get class projects done. Other students like working with Jenny. Jenny could be defined as a(n) _____ child.

When children act as parents and try to take care of everyone, it is called "______."

Which is NOT a common value among 6- to 11-year-old children?

Unrealistically high self-esteem _____ effortful control, which leads to _____ academic achievement.

_____ is both a cause and consequence of feeling inferior.

_____ moral reasoning is not usually present until adolescence or adulthood, if then.

Nine-year-old Alisha announces to her mother, "I am smart, nice, and friendly, and I am so good at painting that one day I am going to sell lots of pictures." Alisha is demonstrating _____.

School-age children would most admire _____.

The family stress model illustrates that _____.

Compared with nuclear families, extended families typically _____.

Over time, the consequences of bullying _____.

There are many approaches to addressing the issue of bullying. Research indicates the one effective approach is _____.

What is the first stage of moral reasoning in Lawrence Kohlberg's theory?

Since Carter's mother suffers from depression and his father is an alcoholic, Carter is often neglected, but he has a supportive group of friends. Despite his circumstances, he maintains a positive outlook. What may be helping Carter to maintain his positive attitude?

Some unpopular children are _____ rather than rejected.

All of the following factors drive children's growing interest in moral issues EXCEPT _____.

More than people of any other age, children between the ages of 6 and 11 are _____.

Retribution as a punishment for a transgression involves _____.

What factors generally determine whether a child is well liked by his or her peers?

According to Sigmund Freud, during the latency stage children _____.

Two factors that universally interfere with family function in every nation are _____.

Research indicates that a child who demonstrates positive adaptation in the face of stressors such as poverty and neglect is showing resilience and _____.

A family that consists of one man, several wives, and the biological children of the man and the women is a(n) _____ family.

Family function refers to _____.

The crucial element in Lawrence Kohlberg's assessment of moral stages is ______.

Which country leads the world in divorce and remarriage?

The child who weathers severe family problems, even abuse, and yet emerges from those experiences unscathed is said to be "______."

Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development was strongly influenced by _____.

According to Sigmund Freud, what will 8-year-old Sven experience?

Alan is an adopted child who lives with three siblings, all biological children of his adoptive parents. Alan's math skills are far better than those of his adoptive parents or his adoptive siblings. This provides evidence that _____.

Mr. Cortez had a good conversation about the fairness of restitution and retribution with 9-year-old Sherrod. The next day, Sherrod still thought retribution was the fairest. Scientific study shows us that this MOST likely means that talking about moral values with children _____.

One important factor with respect to children coping with adversity is a child's _____.

Marissa and Jessica, sisters born two years apart, grew up in an impoverished, violent neighborhood. As adults, Marissa is chronically jobless and is addicted to drugs while Jessica is a professor of economics at a community college. What might explain their different life outcomes?

According to Erikson, if 9-year-old Anna is successful in solving her psychosocial conflict, she should be developing a(n) _____ view of herself.

_____ of U.S children live in a single-parent household.

Which theorist described middle childhood as a time of latency?

To reduce the impact of divorce on children, which of the following should take place?

Girls who bully typically _____.

Olivia is an extremely timid and anxious 8-year-old girl. Other children seem to dislike her. She appears to be a(n) _____.

Compared with single-parent homes, two-parent homes usually have _____.

In childhood, how children react to a serious stressor depends primarily on _____.

Lawrence Kohlberg's concept of preconventional morality involves _____.

In middle childhood, children tend to choose friends who share the same sex, race, and economic background.

A child who demonstrates positive adaptation in the face of stressors such as poverty and neglect is showing resilience and will always continue to show resilience.

Cyberbullying is not as detrimental as other kinds of bullying because it does not involve face-to-face contact and can easily be ignored.

Other children are often sympathetic toward bully-victims.

The conventional moral reasoning level in Kohlberg's moral reasoning system is characterized by following what parents, teachers, and peers do.

In middle childhood, being accepted by the entire group is more important than having a close friend.

Research indicates that mothers who describe their child's personality in negative terms contribute to the child's displaying more antisocial behavior years later.

A person's reasoning level is the critical element in placing him or her within Kohlberg's stages.

Adoptive families typically do not function well for children.

Family function refers to how a family cares for its members.

The preconventional level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development is characterized by seeking pleasure and avoiding pain.

Neglected children are ignored.

As schoolchildren make social comparisons, their self-esteem tends to suffer.

Jimmy, who is 8 years old, is more likely at this age to want to play with Sara than with another boy his age.

According to Erik Erikson, children between the ages of 6 and 11 experience the crisis of industry versus inferiority.

Changing the school culture so that children don't admire the bullies is more effective at ending bullying than teaching better social skills to victims.