Chapter 12

25 July 2022
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question
A recent study by Liberty Mutual found that employers saved ____ dollars for each dollar invested in workplace safety.
answer
three
question
According to a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration study, people who send text messages while driving are _____ times more likely to crash than other drivers
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three
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Each of the following can begin health and safety standards procedures except:
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American Medical Association (AMA)
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The major source of OSHA standards is:
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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
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According to a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration study, distracted driving accounts for ______ of all accidents.
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80 percent
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Of the following, which circumstances are of the highest priority for OSHA inspections?
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situations that present imminent danger to employees
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Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the U.S. Department of Labor may do any of the following except:
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close plants that are extremely dangerous.
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OSHA may cite employers under all of the following violations except:
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Minor
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OSHA may adjust penalties for violations for all of the following circumstances except:
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employer's ability to pay
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In a survey by the University of Chicago's National Opinion Research Center, ____ of employees "agree" or "strongly agree" that safety and health conditions where they work are good.
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92 percent
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On-site consultation may qualify employers for a ____ year exemption from routine OSHA inspection.
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one
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Strategic Partnership Programs (SPPs):
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are long-term agreements between employers and OSHA aimed at reducing serious workplace hazards and to achieve a high level of worker safety and health.
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Voluntary protection programs (VPPs):
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attempt to get employers to go beyond the basics of OSHA law and provide workers with better protection on the job.
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Employers with exemplary health and safety records may receive recognition under the ____ program.
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SHARP
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Under OSHA, employers must do all of the following except:
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compensate employees who have been injured or have become ill due to work-related factors.
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The number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time employees during a given year is:
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incidence rate
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It is the responsibility of ____ to ensure employees use protective equipment on the job.
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the employer
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Laws that require employers to disclose relevant safety information to employees are known as:
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right-to-know laws.
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Material Safety Data Sheets:
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are a primary method of informing employees about health risks and handling instructions associated with chemicals and potentially hazardous substances.
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Criticisms of OSHA's enforcement of rules include all of the following except:
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OSHA both sets and enforces its own standards
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Frequently, employers will create a group consisting of representatives of various segments of the organization to work on safety-related issues. These groups are commonly referred to as:
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safety committees.
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An OSHA inspection of imminent danger situations is a ____ priority.
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first level
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An OSHA investigation of catastrophes, fatalities, and accidents that result in hospitalization of five or more employees are _____ priorities.
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second level
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An OSHA investigation of valid employee complaints of alleged violations of standards or of unsafe or unhealthful working conditions is a ____ priority.
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third level
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OSHA's special-emphasis inspections aimed at specific high-hazard industries, occupations, or substances that are injurious to health are ____ priorities.
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fourth level
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Penalties for violation of safety rules by employees are usually stated in the:
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employee handbook
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The log of work-related injuries and illnesses is filed:
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on OSHA Form 300
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Injury and Illness Report form is also known as:
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OSHA Form 301
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Which of the following would not be considered a "recordable case" under OSHA law?
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an employee's finger cut at home
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The following are methods of preventing health hazards in the workplace except:
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hiring an outside vendor to do the work
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The average penalty imposed by OSHA for serious violations is now ____.
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$3,000-$4,000
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If a willful violation results in the death of an employee, OSHA can assess penalties up to ____ for an individual or ____ for a corporation
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$250,000;$500,000.
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Problems associated with video display terminal use include all of the following except:
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lung disease
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Recommendations for minimizing the negative effects of video display terminal use do not include:
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place monitor at a 45% angle to reduce glare
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The best method to capitalize on the benefits of video display terminals while safeguarding employee health is:
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placing the computer screen 4 to 9 inches below eye level.
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Jobs least likely to cause cumulative trauma disorder would be:
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outside salespersons
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Injuries that result from workers using the same motions again and again are known as:
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cumulative trauma disorders.
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The largest ever fine by OSHA was an _____ penalty levied in 2009 against the oil giant BP after a 2005 explosion killed 15 workers and injured 170 others at a BP refinery in Texas
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$87 million
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Employee musculoskeletal injuries must be reported on OSHA Form:
answer
300
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Which of the following is NOT a category of OSHA's voluntary protection program?
answer
Achiever
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In a Zogby poll, _____ of American adults said they had been bullied at work.
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18 percent
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Which of the following organizations are not required to follow OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogen standards?
answer
travel agencies
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High risk work circumstances that are associated with workplace violence include all of the following except:
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working with information technology
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In terms of workplace violence, which of the following should organizations avoid?
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refraining from hiring persons with arrest records
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Workplace violence warning signs include all of the following except:
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chronic
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Studies show that _____ of night-shift workers report falling asleep at least once a week while on the job.
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30 to 50 percent
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A survey of more than 2,000 employers conducted by the National Safety Council found that ____ had some type of cell-phone usage policy in place.
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58 percent
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Alternative approaches to health include all of the following, except:
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pre-employment medical examinations
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The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that nearly ____ million Americans suffer from depression each year.
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17
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Which of the following is not an outcome associated with depression?
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decreased substance abuse
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____ is the decrease in functional activity accompanied by symptoms of low spirits, gloominess, and sadness.
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Depression
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Most employers should recognize that alcoholism is a:
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disease that follows a rather predictable course.
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If a supervisor suspects that a subordinate has a severe drinking problem, the action to be avoided is:
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confronting the employee with his or her alcoholism during the first meeting and threatening dismissal if the employee does not seek help.
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The requirements for federal contractors to take steps to ensure a drug-free workplace is found in:
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the Drug-Free Workplace Act.
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Which of the following is NOT a recommendation for calming an angry employee?
answer
Keep the discussion as subjective as possible
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The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in __________ that employers may not bar women of childbearing age from certain jobs because of potential risk to their fetuses
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International Union v. Johnson Controls
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Stress basically comes from two areas. These areas are:
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physical and emotional activity.
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A study by Duke University researchers who examined the records of nearly 12,000 university employees found that obese employees experienced medical costs that were more than ____ times higher than those of nonobese workers
answer
Five
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Stress becomes ____ when we begin to sense a loss of our feelings of security and adequacy.
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distress.
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A Duke study found that morbidly obese workers file ____ more workers' compensation claims and take longer to recover from injuries.
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45 percent
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When dealing with stress, having too much to do in too short as time is known as:
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high demand
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When dealing with stress, having to expend too much mental or physical energy over too long a period of time is known as:
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high effort
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When dealing with stress, having too little influence over the way a job is done on a day-to-day basis is known as:
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low control
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The most severe stage of distress is:
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burnout
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Lack of personal fulfillment in a job may be a symptom of:
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burnout
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Employer-sponsored stress-management programs are least likely to include a segment on:
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using alcohol to combat stress.
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When dealing with stress, receiving inadequate feedback on performance and no recognition for a job well done is known as:
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low reward
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The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that nearly _____ of the adult population experience depression each year.
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10 percent
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A "recordable case" is any occupational death, illness, or injury to be recorded in _________.
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OSHA Form 300.
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Companies with award-winning ergonomics programs list all the following as common elements of success except:
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do not bother to involve your employees - ergonomics is really a complex engineering science most employees cannot understand.
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The ___________ department is usually responsible for the safety program for most employers.
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HR or industrial relations
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Under OSHA, _____________ are required to train employees as required by OSHA standards.
answer
employers