Chapter 11 Sexuality And Gender

What is the term for gender discrimination against women who miss the work experience while they care for children at home? A) the child penalty B) the glass escalator C) the devaluation of women D) the glass ceiling

The 1985 Vietnam veterans study clearly demonstrated that biology (in this case, testosterone) is the cause of male aggressiveness. A) True B) False

which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about gender as a characteristic? A) Gender varies from one culture to another B) Gender definitions can change over time C) There could be a wide variation of gender definition within one culture D) Gender can vary over the life course of one individual E) All of the above

Which of the following theme was NOT a theme covered in the set of additional readings about sexuality and gender distributed in class? A) Forced marriage B) Intersexed individuals C) Violence against women in the US military D) Honor killing E) Intimacy expressions by famous men in American History

Transexuals are individuals who are born with ambiguous genitals A) True B) False

Of the following choices, the doctorate conferred with the greatest percentage of women recipients is ________, while the doctorate with the greatest percentage to men is ________. A) computer science; agriculture B) biological sciences; mathematics C) social science; agriculture D) psychology; engineering

The main purpose of the one page newspaper reading about the divorce case of Lorna and Gary Wendt was to illustrate __________ A) the issue of the America's wealthy lower-upper class B) the case of divorce and its consequences of downward mobility C) the idea that men tend to compete more aggressively than women for higher corporate positions D) the ideology that women cannot do certain jobs because because of their biological dispositions E) the idea of whether women's domestic responsibilities are important or valuable

While the notion of gender refers to sociological characteristics, the concept of sex refers to ________ characteristics. A) biological B) philosophical C) anthropological D) psychological

Which of the following statements best describes how feminists view sexual harassment? A) It is based on the social process that guides society. B) It is based on the structural problems imbedded in society. C) It is a fundamental difference in how men and women think. D) It is caused by the biological differences between men and women.

In Pakistan, Jordan, and Kurdistan, a woman who has brought disgrace to her family is killed by a male relative, usually her brother or husband. This practice is called ________ A) infanticide B) domestic manslaughter C) blood feud D) honor killing

Which statement is least accurate regarding sex and gender? A) Being born male or female carries images and expectations on how one should act. B) The world offers unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on one's sex. C) Gender is sociologically significant because it is the way in which society controls its members. D) The terms sex and gender are sociologically and biologically interchangeable.

Agatha has worked for ten years in the public relations department of a large firm. She has been promoted to several higher paying managerial positions, but never to an executive position, even though she has directed several successful projects for the firm. Her lack of promotion most likely illustrates ________. A) the "glass elevator" B) the "mommy track" C) the "glass ceiling" D) sexual harassment

Why do sociologists classify females as a minority group? A) Men perform the most difficult and dangerous work in most societies. B) Women are discriminated against because of their physical characteristics. C) Women are outnumbered by men in virtually every society. D) Women are not as physically strong as men.

In his study of 324 societies around the world, anthropologist George Murdock found that specific tasks were universally assigned to men and others to women, giving support to the argument that biology controls human behavior. A) True B) False

Which wave of feminism was characterized by broad goals ranging from an increase in women's pay to an antiviolence campaign? A) the second wave B) the first wave C) the third wave D) the fourth wave

What is Cynthia Fuchs Epstein's basic argument to explain what determines the type of work performed by men and women in each society? A) It is based on biology and climate. B) It is a product of socialization and social control. C) It focuses on status and wealth as the determining factors. D) Its determining factors are motivation and aspiration.

What has the Supreme Court ruled regarding the treatment of homosexuals in the workplace and sexual harassment? A) Sexual desire is a fundamental requirement for a sexual harassment charge to be valid. B) Sexual harassment laws apply to homosexuals who are harassed by heterosexuals or other homosexuals on the job. C) Homosexuals can only file claims of sexual harassment if the aggressor was also a homosexual. D) Homosexuals are not a protected class and therefore are not covered by sexual harassment laws.

Sexual harassment and rape in the military have become isolated events due, for the most part, to extensive training and severe penalties for convicted offenders. A) True B) False

Based on the accident that led to the sex change of a seven-month-old identical twin as well as the Vietnam veterans' study, which statement is most accurate regarding the effects of nature and nurture on behavior? A) Human behavior is the result of nature and nurture working together. B) Nurture is the dominant force in determining human behavior. C) Nature is the dominant force in determining human behavior. D) Neither nature nor nurture is responsible for determining human behavior.

According to lecture which of the following contribute to the gender gap in earnings? A) gender discrimination B) heavy domestic responsibilities, which reduce a woman's earnings C) women's tendency to be concentrated in low-wage occupations and industries D) tendency to consider work done by women less valuable than work done by men E) all of the above

The major theories on the origin of patriarchy point to the social consequences of human reproduction. A) True B) False

Promotion of feminism and the rights of women in the Least Industrialized Nations has resulted in the practice of honor killing being outlawed throughout the world. A) True B) False

The term for the unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on a person's sex is ________. A) matriarchy B) sex typing C) sexual harassment D) gender stratification

Sexual harassment was not recognized as being a social problem until the ________. A) 1980s B) 1990s C) 1970s D) 1960s

Sociologically, why is gender especially significant? A) It provides one group to lead, another to follow. B) It reinforces the teachings of Genesis. C) It is a master status cutting across all aspects of life. D) It permits a comparison to superior male qualities.

Joan and Jim were both hired to do the same work at the Acme Tool Company, although Jim's title is slightly different from Joan's. Jim has received a higher starting salary. What do sociologists call this form of employment discrimination? A) the testosterone bonus B) management by gender C) the blue-collar syndrome D) the good ol' boy network

As a tireless feminist activist and campainer against domestic and sexual violence against women, __1_____ came up with "Vday" as women in each country of the world but mostly in the US come together for discussion sessions to share their ordeal but also to read in poetry format their sufferings and pains. The readings in "Vday" are best known as ___2_____ A) Patti Smih/ The Victory of Women B) Eve Ensler / The Vagina Monologues C) Jane Adams / The Victims of Sexual slavery D) Harriet Armstrong / The Value of womenhood

An intersexed is an individual who wants to change his/her body because they think they are born with the "wrong" body A) True B) False

The majority of students graduating with a degree in library science are women. Research has shown that this sex typing of majors is primarily due to ________. A) gender socialization B) the prestige of library science C) women's natural strength in reading and language D) gender discrimination in education

Based the same levels of academic achievement, where does the greatest pay gap exist between men and women over their lifetime? A) among high school dropouts B) among college graduates C) among high school graduates D) among those who earned some college credits but no degree