Ch. 30 BIO

25 July 2022
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question
Dietary supplements and decongestants containing ephedrine have recently become more strongly regulated in the United States. Ephedrine is an extract of a plant belonging to which phylum?
answer
phylum Gnetophyta
question
In which phylum is the organism thought to be the world's oldest living tree?
answer
Coniferophyta
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In addition to seeds, what is a trait unique to seed plants?
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Pollen
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The pollen of conifers is primarily dispersed by __________.
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wind
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The seed coat's most important function is to provide protection for the __________.
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sporophyte embryo
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The pore in the integuments of an angiosperm ovule through which sperm is delivered is the __________.
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micropyle
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A plant is said to be cross-pollinated if __________.
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pollen grains are transferred to a flower on a different plant
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In gymnosperms, the seed coat develops from the integument. In angiosperms, the seed coat develops from the __________.
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integuments
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Which of the following is a trait possessed by all angiosperms?
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Double fertilization
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Which of the following is not a gymnosperm?
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Coconut palm
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Which of the following best describes the function of fruits?
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Protection and dispersal of seeds
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The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always __________.
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produces spores
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Angiosperms are thought to have originated in which period?
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Cretaceous
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In flowers, pollen is produced in the __________.
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anther
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In which group is the sporophyte stage dominant in the alternation of generations?
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All vascular plants
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The dicots are now thought to be in the paraphyletic group, and the majority of dicot species are now placed in the eudicots. Which of the following is a member of a group that was included in the dicots but is now included in the eudicots?
answer
Southern magnolia
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Which of the following is not an advantage seeds provide over spores?
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Asexual reproduction
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At current rates of deforestation, tropical rain forests will be eliminated in __________ years.
answer
200
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Of the following, which is a difference in how reproduction occurs in gymnosperms compared to angiosperms?
answer
Only the sperm of angiosperms combine with two central cell nuclei to form triploid endosperm
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The closest seedless relatives of seed plants produce one kind of spore that gives rise to a bisexual gametophyte. What does this suggest about the ancestors of seed plants?
answer
They were homosporous
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Which gymnosperm phylum below is characterized by large cones and fern-like leaves and thrived during the Mesozoic?
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Cycadophyta
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What significant change occurred on Earth between the Carboniferous period and the Permian period that most likely contributed to the success of the gymnosperms?
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The climate became drier and warmer.
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Which of the following is a conifer?
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European Larch, Longleaf Pine, Sequoia common juniper
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Which of the following is enclosed within the pollen wall of a pollen grain?
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Male gametophyte
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Which example below is evidence provided by living gymnosperms of an evolutionary transition between seedless and seed plants?
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The sperm of some gymnosperms have flagella.
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Six major crops—wheat, rice, maize, potatoes, cassava, and sweet potatoes—constitute what percentage of all the calories consumed by humans?
answer
80%
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Which of the following is not a trait characteristic of monocots?
answer
Taproot
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Besides the plant tissue that humans ingest, which angiosperm tissue is most directly important for human survival?
answer
Xylem
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A bright pink flower with deep floral tubes will most likely be pollinated by which mechanism?
answer
Birds with long beaks
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A pea pod is formed from __________. A pea inside the pod is formed from __________.
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an ovary; an ovule
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inner (endosperm: a nutrient-rich tissue, formed by the union of a sperm cell with two polar nuclei during double fertilization, that provides nourishment to the developing embryo in angiosperm seeds)
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endo-
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a fruit (carpel: the ovule-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary)
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carp-
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a flower (anther: the terminal pollen sac of a stamen, where pollen grains containing sperm- producing male gametophytes forms
answer
anth-