Ch 12 Geol 100

25 July 2022
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question
Which of the following processes generates most earthquakes?
answer
movement along faults
question
When do rocks along a fault have the highest amount of stress and stored elastic strain?
answer
right before an earthquake
question
If an area has shallow, intermediate, and deep earthquakes, what can you infer about the area?
answer
it is near a subduction zone the shallow earthquakes will be closer to the trench than deeper ones the depth pattern of earthquakes can be used to determine which way the slab is inclined this area has the potential for large earthquakes
question
The characteristics of S-waves include:
answer
they shear rock from side to side or up and down they displace the rock in a direction that is perpendicular to their travel direction
question
How do we determine the location of a recent earthquake?
answer
use seismic records from three or more stations
question
Shaking during an earthquake can:
answer
liquefy unconsolidated sediments, causing destruction of buildings on top of them generate a tsunami trigger landslides cause rigid buildings to collapse
question
The huge 1964 Alaskan earthquake, one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded, was caused by:
answer
thrusting along a subduction zone (megathrust)
question
Sudden movement on a fault can cause a tsunami when:
answer
the fault suddenly uplifts or downdrops the seafloor
question
Areas of high earthquake risk are mostly located:
answer
near a boundary between tectonic plates
question
What is one way that we determine the depth to the base of the crust?
answer
observing whether seismic waves that travel through the crust arrived after those that traveled through the mantle