Business Ethics Chapter 7

Animal manure A) is not available in sufficient quantities to replenish agricultural land. B) is potentially more dangerous than nuclear power. C) is a large source of pollution. D) helps counteract the "greenhouse effect".

According to Cambridge University biologist Andrew Balmford, the loss of nature's services is always outweighed by the benefits of development. True False

According to the anthropocentric (or human-oriented) ethic of Baxter and others, A) future people have no interests that we need to respect now. B) nature has value in and of itself, apart from human beings. C) environmental preservation is inherently valuable. D) we have a strong, almost absolute obligation to preserve species from extinction. E) the Grand Canyon is valuable only because people care about it.

Moral vegetarians are people who reject the eating of meat on moral grounds. True False

Three approaches have gained the most attention when it comes to achieving our environmental goals: the use of regulations, incentives, and pricing mechanisms. True False

An ordinary example of an ecosystem is a pond. True False

Which of the following is a drawback to the regulatory approach? A) regulation can take away an industry's incentive to do more than the minimum B) regulation does not apply to all equally C) does not require polluters to use the strongest most feasible means of pollution control. D) regulation is an incentive to an industry to do more than the minimum

Environmental protection is always a static trade-off, with a fixed economic price to be paid for the gains we want. True False

The philosopher Tom Regan A) believes that the FTC should be abolished. B) claims that no one could approve of the treatment of animals in factory farms if they knew what was going on. C) argues against the use of governmental regulations to control the actions of businesses. D) denies that non-human animals have any moral rights.

One of the attitudes prevalent in business that has led to increased environmental problems is the tendency to view the natural world as a free and unlimited good. True False

According to William F. Baxter, we ought to respect the "balance of nature" and "preserve the environment" even if doing so brings no benefit to human beings. True False

Any equitable solution to the problem of who should pay the bill for environmental cleanup should take into account responsibility as well as benefit. True False

Utilitarians A) are likely to oppose factory farming. B) oppose animal experimentation in principle. C) focus on human well-being and ignore animal welfare. D) are likely to favor factory farming.

Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the company A) creates an internality. B) violates our right to a livable environment. C) benefits from externalities. D) is being a free-rider.

The international fishing industry as it exists today gives us good reason to reject the moral of Garrett Hardin's "Parable of the Commons." True False

"Pollution permits" are an example of which of the following methods of achieving our environmental goals? A) pricing mechanisms B) government subsidies C) regulations D) a laissez-faire approach

In consideration for the obligation to others A) environmental protection is always a static trade-off, with a fixed economic price to be paid for the gains we want. B) future people have a right to be born. C) we have no genuine moral obligations to future generations. D) the U.S. uses more than its proportional share of the world's resources.