BLS

25 July 2022
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43 test answers

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OHCA
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out of hospital cardiac arrest
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IHCA
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in hospital cardiac arrest
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ROSC
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Return of Spontaneous Circulation
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ROSC definition
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Is resumption of sustained perfusing cardiac activity associated with significant respiratory effort after cardiac arrest.
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signs of ROSC
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Include breathing, coughing, or movement and a palpable pulse or a measurable blood pressure.
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AED
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Automated External Defibrillator
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AED definition
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A lightweight, portable device that can identify lethal heart rhythms and deliver a shock to terminate the abnormal rhythm and allow the heart's normal rhythm to resume.
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ALS
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Advanced Life Support
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest (rhythm problem)
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Occurs when the heart develops an abnormal rhythm and can't pump blood.
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Heart Attack (Clot problem)
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Occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked.
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest results from
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An abnormal heart rhythm. This abnormal rhythm causes the heart to quiver so it can no longer pump blood to the brain, lungs, and other organs.
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Heart Attack results from
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When a clot forms in a blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. If the blocked vessel is not reopened quickly, the muscle normally nourished by that vessel begins to die.
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Signs of a heart attack
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Chain of Survival-In hospital cardiac arrest (adult)
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Chain of Survival-Out of hospital (adult)
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Pediatric Chain of Survival
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agonal gasps
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not normal breathing. This may be present in the first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest. A person who does this usually looks like he is drawing air in very quickly. The mouthy may be open and the jaw, head, or neck may move with these. They may appear forceful or weak. Some time may pass between these because they usually happen at a slow rate. They may sound like a snort, snore, or groan. This may be a sign of cardiac arrest.
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High quality chest compressions
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Compressions (function)
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To pump the blood in the heart to the rest of the body. To make them as effective as possible, place the victim on a firm surface, such as the floor or a backboard. A firm surface allows the _______________ of the chest and heart to create blood flow.
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Two methods for opening the airway are?
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Head tilt-chin lift Jaw thrust
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Head tilt-chin lift
Head tilt-chin lift
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Place one hand on the victim's forehead and push with your palm to tilt the head back. Place the fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw near the chin. Lift the jaw to bring the chin forward.
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Jaw thrust
Jaw thrust
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Use of pocket mask
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E-C Clamp technique
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Arrhythmias
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An irregular or abnormal heart beat. Occur when the electrical impulses that cause the heart to beat happen too quickly, too slowly, or erratically. They can be life threatening.
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The Two Life Threatening arrhythmias that cause cardiac arrest are?
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Pulseless ventricular tachycardia Ventricular fibrillation
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Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
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When the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) begin contracting at a very fast pace, a rapid heart rate. In extremely severe cases, the ventricles pump so quickly and inefficiently that no pulse can be detected (ie, pVT). Body tissues and organs, especially the heart and brain, no longer receive oxygen.
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Ventricular fibrillation
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Is an arrest rhythm. The heart's electrical activity becomes disordered. The heart muscles quiver in a fast, unsynchronized way so the heart does not pump blood.
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AED Placement, 2 common placements
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Anterolateral Placement Anteroposterior Placement
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Anterolateral Placement
Anterolateral Placement
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Both pads will be placed on the victim's bare chest. *Place one AED pad directly below the rightr collarbone. *Place the other pad to the side of the left nipple, with the top edge of the pad a few inches below the armpit.
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Anteroposterior Placement
Anteroposterior Placement
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One pad will be placed on the victim's bare chest (anterior), and the other will be placed on the victim's back (posterior). *Place one AED pad on the left side of the chest, between the victim's left side of the breastbone and left nipple. *Place the other pad on the left side of the victim's back, next to the spine
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6 person team-Compressor
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6 person team- AED/Monitor/Defibrillator
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6 person team- Airway
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6 person team- Leadership Roles
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6 person team- Administrator Medications
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6 person team- Timer/Recorder
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Signs of poor perfusion
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Universal rate for compressions in all cardiac arrest victims is?
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100-120/minute
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The compression-to-ventilation ratio for single rescuers is?
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(30:2) n adults, children, and infants. If 2 rescuers are present for the resuscitation attempt of an infant or child, use a compression -to-ventilation ratio of 15:2
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Rescue Breathing
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giving breaths to an unresponsive victim who has a pulse but is not breathing.
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Rescue Breathing for Adults
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Give 1 breath every 5-6 seconds (about 10-12 breaths per minute). *Give each breath in 1 second. *Each breath should result in visible chest rise. *Check the pulse about every 2 minutes
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Rescue Breathing for infants and children
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Give 1 breath every 3-5 seconds (12-20 breaths per minute). *Give each breath in 1 second. *Each breath should result in visible chest rise. *Check the pulse about every 2 minutes