Biology Chapter 34

chordates

lancelets

craniates

neural crest

tetrepods

amniotes

amniotic egg

eutherians

primates include:

anthropoids

bipedalism

Which of the following statements about deuterostomes is false? All deuterostomes have a similar pattern of early embryonic development. All deuterostomes are triploblastic and have three tissue layers. All deuterostomes have a coelom. All deuterostomes exhibit radial symmetry in their bodies.

Which structure is not an innovation that occurred during vertebrate diversification? Bone Amniotic egg Jaws Exoskeleton

True or false? An organism that is radially symmetric has many well-developed head regions. True False

Which characteristic distinguishes echinoderms from the other two deuterostome lineages? Their habitat Their ability to move Their body plan The presence of an endoskeleton

Which of the following statements about vertebrates is true? The development of an amniotic egg and internal fertilization allowed vertebrates to reproduce away from water. Birds are more related to mammals than to dinosaurs. All vertebrates have jaws with which to catch their prey. The development of more efficient surfaces for gas exchange in reptiles stimulated expansion into terrestrial habitats.

Which characteristics define a chordate? The presence of a well-developed circulatory system The ability to live on land The presence of four specific morphological traits The development of an anus from the blastopore

Which structure can be used for feeding and gas exchange? Dorsal nerve cord Endoskeleton Notochord Pharyngeal gill slit

Which one of these chordate groups lacks a post-anal tail and a notochord as adults? lancelets tunicates amphibians mammals reptiles

The common ancestor of all these chordate groups EXCEPT the _____ probably had paired appendages. mammals amphibians lampreys ray-finned fishes reptiles

Which of these is the only chordate group that has hair? tunicates ray-finned fishes mammals amphibians sharks, rays, and chimaeras

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic feature of the Chordata? a hollow dorsal nerve cord notochord vertebrae a muscular, post-anal tail pharyngeal slits or clefts

A unique feature of craniates is _____. the neural crest segmentation a vertebral column composed of bone a four-chambered heart a closed circulatory system

What do lampreys, sharks, snakes, turtles, and cats have that a hagfish lacks? jaws a cranium vertebrae a notochord at some point in their lives legs

Jaws evolved _____. by modification of middle ear bones by modification of the skeletal rods that previously supported the anterior pharyngeal gill slits from the bony armor of ostracoderms from arthropod jaws from the rasping tongue

The diagnostic feature of Chondrichthyes is _____. a streamlined, torpedo-shaped body a swim bladder jaws an endoskeleton of calcified cartilage a lateral line system

Most members of which of the following groups are most closely associated with a wet or moist environment? dinosaurs amphibians birds pterosaurs mammals

Listed below are four adaptations of terrestrial vertebrates. Which is a characteristic only of truly terrestrial animals with no need to return to water at any stage of the life cycle? lungs tetrapod locomotion hearts with more than two chambers amniotic eggs All of these are essential for a completely terrestrial existence.

There are three major groups of mammals, categorized on the basis of their _____. method of reproduction size method of locomotion habitat presence or absence of hair

Which of these primate groups is most closely related to hominids? apes Old World monkeys lorises prosimians New World monkeys

_____ are the oldest known primate group. Apes Prosimians Anthropoids Hominids Monkeys

The primates that spend the most time walking upright are the _____. apes prosimians New World monkeys hominids Old World monkeys

Which of these anthropoid groups consists of primates who are mostly tree dwellers and whose forelimbs and hind limbs are about equal in length? monkeys hominids prosimians primates apes

Which of these primate groups lives in trees in Central and South America and have nostrils that are wide open and far apart? hominids apes New World monkeys anthropoids Old World monkeys