Biology Ch. 10

One type of virus that infects bacteria is called a rhinovirus. filovirus. coronavirus. phage. mage.

The lytic cycle of bacteriophage infection ends with the _____. replication of viral DNA entry of the phage protein coat into the host cell assembly of viral particles into phages the injection of phage DNA into a bacterium rupture of the bacterium

As a result of the lytic cycle, _____. the host cell is not destroyed the host cell's DNA is destroyed viral ribosomes are produced viral DNA is incorporated into host cell DNA a prophage is created

Which of the following statements regarding RNA is false? RNA is a nucleic acid. One RNA molecule can include four different nucleotides in its structure. RNA molecules have a sugar-phosphate backbone. RNA uses the sugar dextrose. RNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil.

The information in DNA is contained in _____. the variation in the structure of nucleotides that make up the DNA molecule the types of sugars used in making the DNA molecule the sequence of amino acids that make up the DNA molecule the sequence of nucleotides along the length of one strand of the DNA molecule the positioning variation of the phosphate groups in the DNA molecule

Which description of DNA replication is correct? A polymerase constructs a new strand alongside each old one by pairing complementary nucleotides. Ligase assembles single-stranded codons; then polymerase knits these codons together into a DNA strand. The two strands of DNA separate, and restriction enzymes cut up one strand. Then polymerase synthesizes two new strands out of the old ones. The two strands separate, and each one gets a complementary strand of RNA. Then this RNA serves as a template for the assembly of many new strands of DNA. Primase assembles the complementary strands of DNA. Ligase then links the two strands together.

Imagine an error occurring during DNA replication in a cell, so that where there is supposed to be a T in one of the genes, there is instead a G. What effect will this have on the cell? All the proteins will contain an incorrect amino acid. An amino acid will be missing from each of the proteins. One of the proteins might contain an incorrect amino acid. An amino acid will be missing from one of the proteins. The amino acid sequence of one of the proteins will be completely changed.

The phage reproductive cycle that kills the bacterial host cell is known as a _____ cycle. lytic replicative lysogenic transcriptional translational

Reverse transcription, carried out by retroviruses, is the process by which _____. DNA information is copied into RNA RNA information is copied into DNA RNA information is "read" to form a protein molecule DNA is duplicated information is copied from a protein molecule into RNA

Conjugation, transformation, and transduction are all ways that bacteria increase the amount of RNA in the cytoplasm. reduce their DNA content. increase their genetic diversity. change their ribosomes to eukaryotic ribosomes. alter their oxygen requirements.

Which of the following events occurs during transcription? Those segments of the RNA strand that do not actually code for the protein are removed. The message in mRNA is translated into a protein. mRNA binds to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. A molecule of RNA is formed based on the sequence of nucleotides in DNA. A cap is added to the RNA molecule.

Which of the following is a correct statement about mRNA? mRNA includes a cap that consists of extra adenine nucleotides. Segments of mRNA that code for protein are removed before translation. mRNA binds directly to amino acids during translation. mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the cytoplasm. mRNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm following RNA processing.

The site of translation is the Golgi apparatus. ribosomes in the cell nucleus. the plasma membrane. the cell nucleus. ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm.

Which one of the following does not play a role in translation? Anticodon tRNA Ribosomes DNA Amino acids

Which of the following does not occur during RNA processing? Adenine nucleotides are added to the end of the RNA strand, forming a tail. Segments of RNA that do code for the protein are reconnected. A modified guanine nucleotide is added to the beginning of the RNA strand as a cap. mRNA attaches to the small subunit of a ribosome. Segments of the RNA strand that do not actually code for the protein are removed.

1. What are the four nucleotide bases in DNA? What nucleotide base is not found in RNA molecule?

2. What are the 3 biological molecules that make up a DNA? If DNA structure is resembled to a ladder then what molecules make up the sides of a ladder and what molecule makes the steps of a ladder?

3. What are 3 basic differences between the structure of DNA and RNA?