Bio HW #1

25 July 2022
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question
Science requires that hypothesis be testable and falsifiable and that observations be repeatable.
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True
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A theory in science is equivalent in scope to a well-structured hypothesis.
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False
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The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume which of the following?
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A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
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Which of the following is true of stem cells?
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They can differentiate to produce many different kinds of specialized cells. They can be found in both embryonic and adult tissues. Their use is highly controversial. They can reproduce indefinitely in culture.
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Which of the following is true of embryonic stem cells but not of adult stem cells?
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They can give rise to all cell types in the organism.
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In animals, embryonic stem cells differ from adult stem cells in that
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embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cells.
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As an embryo develops, new cells are produced as the result of
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cell division.
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Contact of a sperm with signal molecules in the coat of an egg causes the sperm to undergo
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the acrosomal reaction.
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Even in the absence of sperm, metabolic activity in an egg can be artificially activated by
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injection of calcium ions into the cytosol.
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The formation of the fertilization membrane requires an increase in the availability of
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calcium ions.
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Contact of a sea urchin egg with signal molecules on sperm causes the egg to undergo a brief
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membrane depolarization.
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During fertilization, the acrosomal contents
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digest the protective jelly coat on the surface of the egg.
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The vitelline layer of the sea urchin egg..
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has receptor molecules that are specific for binding acrosomal proteins.
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The cortical reaction functions directly in the
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formation of a fertilization envelope.
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In sea urchins, the "fast block" and the longer lasting "slow block" to polyspermy, respectively, are
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membrane depolarization and the cortical reaction
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In an egg cell treated with EDTA, a chemical that binds calcium and magnesium ions, the
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fertilization envelope would not be formed.