Bio Ch. 33

24 July 2022
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question
Nematodes and arthropods are the largest ecdysozoan phyla. Which of the following statements are true? Select all that apply. The cuticle in nematodes lengthens as the animal grows. Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size. Arthropods possess an open circulatory system. Nematodes are acoelomate, whereas arthropods are coelomate. Nematodes possess a closed circulatory system. Some nematodes are parasitic on humans. Both nematodes and arthropods have segmented body plans. Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle. Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages.
answer
Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size. Arthropods possess an open circulatory system. Some nematodes are parasitic on humans. Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle. Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages
question
You are an entomologist for the federal agency in charge of deciding the fate of neonicotinoids in the United States. Who do you work for? Food and Drug Administration Department of Agriculture Department of Health and Human Services Environmental Protection Agency
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Environmental Protection Agency
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How are varroa mites harmful to bees? They eat the bees' food supply. They eat bees. They inject the bees with a chemical that dissolves their insides. They spread pathogens.
answer
They spread pathogens.
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Which of the following individuals would most likely be against a ban on neonicotinoids in the United States? a member of the Pesticide Action Network a honey producer a beekeeper a cotton farmer
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a cotton farmer
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What does Syngenta likely think is currently the best option when it comes to preventing more honeybee deaths? Banning neonicotinoids. Sterilizing male honeybees. Introducing a disease-resistant honeybee to the environment. Killing varroa mites.
answer
Killing varroa mites.
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You are a scientist working for BASF and you are studying the effects of neonicotinoids on honeybees. Which body system should you focus on? immune digestive nervous circulatory
answer
immune
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Which of the following would most likely cause Turritopsis dohrnii to go through cellular transdifferentiation? being exposed to salt water being eaten by a sea slug being repeatedly poked and prodded very cold temperatures
answer
being repeatedly poked and prodded
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Which of the following is the sexual stage of a hydrozoan? spore polyp coral medusa
answer
medusa
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You are a scientist specializing in hydrozoans. You observe a species with many stolons. What will these stolons become? eggs polyps medusas sperm
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polyps
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You are a cancer researcher and you discover an on-off switch for the BRAF oncogene. What have you found? DNA rRNA MiRNA tRNA
answer
MiRNA
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If Shin Kubota's hunch is correct, the key to Turritopsis dohrnii immortality lies where? its bell its mesoglea its stolons its tentacles
answer
its tentacles
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Sponges are most accurately described as aquatic predators. marine predators. chemoautrophs. freshwater scavengers. filter feeders.
answer
filter feeders.
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Some species of rotifers consist solely of females. Their method of reproduction is described as _____. binary fission sperm-stealing fragmentation budding parthenogenesis
answer
parthenogenesis
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Which of the following animal groups is entirely aquatic? Platyhelminthes Echinodermata Nematoda Crustacea Mollusca
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Echinodermata
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Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes "jellies" with rounded (as opposed to boxlike) medusae? Anthozoa Scyphozoa Hydrozoa Cubozoa
answer
Scyphozoa
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Members of the phylum Mollusca _____. have segmented bodies and paired, jointed appendages have closed circulatory systems have tentacles surrounding a central mouth/anus are soft-bodied and often covered by a shell are filter feeders
answer
are soft-bodied and often covered by a shell
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A shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of an open circulatory system. chelicerae. a cuticle. a cephalothorax. an exoskeleton.
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chelicerae.
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Which of the following is true of annelids? They have an open circulatory system. They have pseudocoeloms. They have a gastrovascular cavity. They perform gas exchange across their skin. They have a nerve net.
answer
They perform gas exchange across their skin.
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Which of the following is characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes? They typically reproduce asexually. They are diploblastic. They are radially symmetrical. They are all parasitic. They are dorsoventrally flattened.
answer
They are dorsoventrally flattened.
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How many of the following are characteristics of at least some members of the phylum Cnidaria? 1. a gastrovascular cavity 2. a polyp stage 3. a medusa stage 4. cnidocytes 5. a pseudocoelom 1 2 and 3 3, 4 and 5 1, 2, 3, and 4 All of the above are correct
answer
1, 2, 3, and 4
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The organ(s) of respiratory gas exchange in oligochaetes is (are) Check all that apply book lungs. the skin. gills. pairs of hollow bristles. parapodia.
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the skin.
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The excretory organs of annelids are skin gills. protonephridia. malpighian tubules. metanephridia. flame bulbs.
answer
metanephridia.
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The water vascular system of echinoderms functions in locomotion and feeding. moves water through the animal's body during suspension feeding. is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not bilaterally symmetrical. functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells. is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms.
answer
functions in locomotion and feeding.
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A radula is present in members of which clade(s)? bivalves and chitons bivalves, gastropods and chitons chitons, gastropods and cephalopods bivalves, gastropods and cephalopods bivalves
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chitons, gastropods and cephalopods
question
In a tide pool, a student encounters an organism with a hard outer covering that contains much calcium carbonate, an open circulatory system, and gills. The organism could potentially be a crab, a shrimp, a barnacle, or a bivalve. The presence of which of the following structures would allow for the most certain identification of the organism? eyes a body cavity a filter-feeding apparatus a heart a mantle
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a mantle
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Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body? Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Porifera Arthropoda Mollusca
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Arthropoda
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A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share gills. embryonic torsion. a mantle. a radula. distinct cephalization.
answer
a mantle.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of cnidarians? bilateral symmetry gastrovascular cavity an anus mesoderm radula
answer
gastrovascular cavity
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The animal phylum most like the protists that gave rise to the animal kingdom is _____. Echinodermata Ctenophora Lycophyta Cnidaria Porifera
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Porifera
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What evidence suggests that vertebrates are more closely related to echinoderms than are any other invertebrate phyla? Shared DNA sequences Shared patterns of development Shared morphology
answer
Shared DNA sequences
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Which of the following is a characteristic of nematodes? They have a gastrovascular cavity. Many species are diploblastic. All species can be characterized as scavengers. They have a true coelom. They have only longitudinal muscles.
answer
They have only longitudinal muscles.
question
Some invertebrates combine morphological simplicity with features of great structural or biochemical complexity. Select all correct examples of this statement. Select all that apply. Sponges lack true tissues but have more variation in cell type than animals in any other phylum. Trematodes are acoelomates that have effective defenses against attack by their hosts' immune system. Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles.
answer
Trematodes are acoelomates that have effective defenses against attack by their hosts' immune system. Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles.
question
Select the correct statement(s) about invertebrate taxa. Select all that apply. Tapeworms lack a mouth and gastrovascular cavity. Ectoprocts lack a distinct head. Rotifers are smaller than many protists.
answer
Tapeworms lack a mouth and gastrovascular cavity. Ectoprocts lack a distinct head. Rotifers are smaller than many protists.
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Which of the following are thought to be most closely related to humans? ants snails sea stars earthworms jellies
answer
sea stars
question
A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature two pairs of antennae. an open circulatory system. a sessile lifestyle. parapodia. eight legs.
answer
an open circulatory system.
question
In terms of food capture, which sponge cell is most similar to the cnidocyte of a cnidarian? epidermal cell pore cell choanocyte amoebocyte
answer
choanocyte