If the average leg size of a reptile continually got smaller through generations, this would be an example of
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directional selection.
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Which of the following is most likely to lead to two distinct species?
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Disruptive selection
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If a population recovers to its original population size after experiencing a bottleneck, which statement is correct regarding this population?
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The recovered population shows less genetic diversity that the population prior to the bottleneck.
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The frequency increase of dark phenotypes in response to increased pollution is called
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industrial melanism.
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In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does q2 represent?
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homozygous recessive
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Which of the following examples is one of genetic drift?
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A forest fire kills all plant life south of a highway.
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Microevolution is not influenced by which of the following?
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random mating
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If the survivors of an original population survived due to specific phenotypes that they possessed, then this event is an example of
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natural selection.
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Why does the malaria disease persist in the human population?
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multiple phenotypes survive in a balanced polymorphism
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The usage of the insecticide DDT to control mosquitoes resulted in
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directional selection to insecticide resistance in the insects.
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The conditions required by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are commonly found in nature.
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false
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Polydactylism (possessing more than five fingers per hand) within the Amish population in Pennsylvania is considered an example of founder effect. This is because the frequency of polydactylism among the Amish in Pennsylvania is identical to its frequency among the Amish population in Germany.
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false
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Microevolution is the term that applies to which of the following?
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Small scale changes over a short period of time.
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In the figure shown here, the bell-shaped curve representing the population illustrates that
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most individuals are pink, few individuals are yellow or white.
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In random mating,
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there is no influence on mate choice.
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What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up, and the color of tree bark returned to its natural color?
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Birds would now see the dark moths easier than the lighter color moths.
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A population of bacteria is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. However, through repeated exposure to an antibiotic, the frequency of the recessive allele is rapidly increasing. What is the most likely explanation for this response?
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The recessive allele is responsible for resistance of the bacteria to the antibiotic.
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The effects of genetic drift are more significant in
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small populations.
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Which individual would be considered the fittest?
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ndividual that can reproduce the greatest number of offspring.
i think gene flow
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Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is violated by sexual selection?
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random mating
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If people with freckles preferentially mate with other people with freckles, this would be an example of
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nonrandom mating.
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Dominance causes an allele to become more common.
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false
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Which of the following is not one of the conditions required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
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Correct Random mating must not occur.
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In the figure shown here, flower color of a population is distributed in a bell-shaped normal curve. If the white flower color increases in frequency in the population, this would illustrate
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directional selection
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What characteristic do a bottleneck and a founder effect have in common?
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Both involve a decrease in a population's genetic diversity.
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Today, cheetahs show extreme genetic similarity. This is evidence of
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a past bottleneck event.
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All of the genes and all of their associated alleles within a population represent the population's
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gene pool.
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If half of a population is homozygous recessive, what is p?
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0.293.
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If p = 0.6, what is q?
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.4
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Directional selection in the modern horse is demonstrated by
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the gradual increase in size over time.
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In what type of environment is being heterozygous in regards to the sickle cell trait an advantage?
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In an environment that has malaria.
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What is the typical mutation rate within a cell?
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1 / 100,000
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Which of the following does not result in a decrease of genetic variation?
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mutation
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A fraction of the original green frog population survives to reproduce and generate the new population. If the survivors of the original population survived by chance, then this event is an example of
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genetic drift.
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A group of field mice cross a highway and join a new population of field mice on the other side, producing offspring with this population. This is an example of
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gene flow.
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What is the genotype of an individual that is lives in protection from both sickle cell disease and malaria?
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HbAHbS
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The figure shown here represents stabilizing selection. What happens when an individual is produced that possesses a trait far away from the mean value?
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That extreme individual will likely not survive and reproduce.
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In the figure shown here, flower color of a population is distributed in a bell-shaped normal curve. If the pink flower color increases in frequency in the population, this would illustrate
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Stabilizing selection
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Which of the following is most likely an example of a founder effect event?
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A random small group of a bird population migrates to an island and does not return to breed.
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In the figure shown here, flower color of a population is distributed in a bell-shaped normal curve. If the white and yellow flower colors increase in frequency in the population, this would illustrate
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disruptive selection.
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If p2 = 0.04, what is the frequency of homozygous recessives in the population?
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0.64
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British land snails primarily occur in two extreme phenotypes. This is an example of
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disruptive selection.
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Which of the following does not result in a decrease of genetic variation?
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mutation
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In the process of natural selection, individuals that are most fit are the ones that are
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most likely to reproduce.
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Individuals who inherit sickle cell disease, a recessive disorder, tend to die at an early age while individuals who are homozygous for their blood cells survive. How does the recessive allele persist in the population?
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no Spontaneous mutations will occur on Homozygous individuals that causes them to develop a recessive allele.
Individuals who are heterozygous for the trait will survive. In malarial environments they have an advantage over homozygous individuals which will cause the recessive allele to persist in the population.
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Why do prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ in their reliance on mutations for generating genetic variation?
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no Eukaryotes possess a nucleus, prokaryotes do not.
Prokaryotes do not reproduce sexually as do eukaryotes and therefore do not have sexual reproduction to aid in generating genetic variation within a population.
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The frequency increase of dark phenotypes in response to increased pollution is called
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industrial melanism.
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