Bio 111 Chapter 11 hw2

In animals, cells that will eventually undergo meiosis to produce the gametes are set aside early in the course of development. These cells are called

The number of chromosomes per cell is reduced from two sets to one set during

Which of the following events occur during prophase I?

How many bivalents are formed in a cell with 20 chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis I?

Which of the following events occur during anaphase I?

How can you compare the complement of DNA in an interphase (G1) diploid cell and a cell that has just completed meiosis I?

What event in meiosis I leads to the cell becoming haploid rather than the separation of sister chromatids?

Random orientation of homologous chromosomes occurs in ________ of meiosis.

Consider a cell that has four pairs of chromosomes. What is the number of possible chromosome orientations in that cell?

Consider a cell that has three pairs of chromosomes. What fraction of the gametes produced from this cell will contain only maternal chromosomes?

Random orientation of chromosomes during meiosis increases the amount of variation in the next generation. What other process during meiosis leads to an increase in variation in the next generation?

Consider a cell that has a diploid chromosome number of 10 (2N=10). How many possible gametes can this cell produce?

The spindle apparatus is fully formed by the end of

Separation of ________ occurs in anaphase II of meiosis.

At the end of meiosis II, there are

Why are two phases of meiosis necessary?

Meiosis II separates sister chromatids. What might make sister chromatids differ from each other?

If sister chromatids failed to separate during meiosis II, what would the resulting gametes look like?

Which of the following features are unique to meiosis?

A crossover in meiosis is an exchange of genetic material between

The four daughter cells produced in meiosis

Crossing over is possible due to what event that occurs in meiosis I but not mitosis?

The function of sexual reproduction is to increase variation within populations. Meiosis is the molecular mechanism that leads to sexual reproduction. As such, some of the features that make it unique lead to genetic diversity. Which of these unique features are responsible for increasing genetic diversity?

Daughter cells produced in meiosis have

The number of cells produced in meiosis is

Which of the following is unique to meiosis?

How is the formation of the spindle during mitosis and meiosis I different?

Chromosome duplication occurs prior to both mitosis and meiosis.

Synapsis is the side-by-side alignment of

At the end of meiosis I, each daughter cell is

During anaphase I of meiosis, ____I____ move towards opposite cell poles, whereas during anaphase II of meiosis, ____II____ are separated.

During which stage of meiosis would you find haploid cells with 1/4 as much DNA as its mother cell?

In 95% of cases of Down's syndrome, there is one extra chromosome (number 21) in every cell. This aneuploid condition is most likely the result of

Which cells never divide by meiosis? (Check all that apply.) haploid cells

A cell biologist examines a leaf cell from an alfalfa plant during metaphase of mitosis and determines that 32 chromatids are present. The role of fertilization in this species is to (Check all that apply)

If a germ-line cell from an owl contains 8 picograms of DNA during G1 of interphase, how many picograms of DNA would be present in each cell during prophase I of meiosis? (Enter the number only, not the units.)

If a germ-line cell from a salamander contains 10 picograms of DNA during G1 of interphase, how many picograms of DNA would be present in each gamete produced by this species? (Enter the number only, not the units.)

A geneticist examines a somatic cell from a fly during metaphase of mitosis and determines that 16 chromatids are present. If a germ-line cell from this species divides by meiosis, then at the end of meiosis I (including the first cytokinesis) each cell will contain

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis I, or the failure of sister chromatids to separate during meiosis II or mitosis. As a result, both homologous chromosomes or both sister chromatids migrate to the same pole of the cell. This produces daughter cells with an imbalance of chromosomes. If 18 pairs of sister chromatids segregate normally during meiosis II in cats (n=19) but we have nondisjunction of 1 pair, then at the end of meiosis II we will have

A cell biologist examines a diploid cell from a particular species of butterfly during prometaphase of mitosis and determines that 10 centromeres are present. Based on this finding, how many chromatids should be present in a single cell from this species in metaphase I of meiosis?

A cell in G2 before meiosis begins, compared with one of the four cells produced at the end of meiosis II, has

Sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell during (Check all that apply.)

During which stage of meiosis would you find a cell with a diploid chromosome number and chromosomes that are all attached to spindle fibers?