Astronomy Chapter 17

25 July 2022
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question
What is the absolute magnitude of our Sun?
answer
+4.8
question
The absolute magnitude of a star is its brightness as seen from a distance of:
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ten parsecs.
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In comparing first magnitude Deneb with second magnitude Polaris, we find that:
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Deneb appears 2.5 times brighter to use than does Polaris.
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At the distance of Jupiter (6 times further away from the Sun than Earth) the amount of sunlight received per square centimeter different by what factor?
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36 times less
question
Star A and star B both have an apparent magnitude of 4.0, but star A has an absolute magnitude of 1.0 and star B has an absolute magnitude of 7.0. Which statement below is correct? Select one: A. Star A appears brighter than star B, but actually star B and star A are the same brightness. B. Star B appears brighter than star A, but actually star B and star A are the same brightness. C. Star A and star B appear to have the same brightness, but actually star B is brighter than star A. D. Star A and star B appear to have the same brightness, but actually star A is brighter than star B. E. It is impossible to determine how bright these stars are or appear to be relative to one another, given the information above.
answer
D. Star A and star B appear to have the same brightness, but actually star A is brighter than star B.
question
Star A and Star B both have an apparent magnitude of 7.0, but Star A is at a distance of 15 pc and Star B is at a distance of 30 pc. Which statement below is correct?
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Star A and Star B appear to have the same brightness, but actually Star B is brighter than Star A.
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Star A and Star B both have an absolute magnitude of 2.0, but Star A is at a distance of 50 pc and Star B is at a distance of 20 pc. Which statement below is correct?
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Star B appears brighter than Star A, but actually Star B and Star A are the same brightness.
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Star A and Star B both have an absolute magnitude of 2.0, but Star A has an apparent magnitude of 5.0 and Star B has an apparent magnitude of 7.0. Which statement below is correct?
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Star A appears brighter than Star B, but actually Star B and Star A are the same brightness.
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Star A has an absolute magnitude of 2.5 and Star B has an apparent magnitude of 2.5, but Star A is a main sequence star and Star B is a red giant. Which statement below is correct?
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It is impossible to determine how bright these stars are or appear to be relative to one another, given the information above.
question
What are the two most important intrinsic properties used to classify stars?
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luminosity and surface temperature
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The most famous G type star is:
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the Sun.
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Star A is a main sequence star of spectral type F2 and Star B is a white dwarf of spectral type B4. Which statement below is correct?
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Star B is hotter than Star A.
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Star A is a main sequence star of spectral type G5 and Star B is a red giant of spectral type K2. Which statement below is correct?
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Star A is hotter than Star B.
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Stars that have masses similar to the Sun's, and sizes similar to the Earth are:
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white dwarfs.
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On the H-R diagram, the Sun lies:
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above the middle of the main sequence.
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Which of the following is the most common type of star?
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low mass main sequence
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The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram plots ________ against the spectral type or temperature.
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luminosity or absolute magnitude
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How might the most common occurring stars be described, based on our stellar neighborhood?
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M main sequence
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On the H-R diagram, red supergiants like Betelguese lie:
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at the top right.
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On the H-R diagram, white dwarfs lie Sirius B and Procyon B lie:
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at the lower left.
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In the H-R diagram, the bright blue-white stars that dominate the naked eye sky lie to the:
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top left.
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In what range of masses are most stars found?
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.1 to 100 solar masses
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What is the single most important characteristic in determining the course of a star's evolution?
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mass
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Which of the following best describes the size and distance relationship of our Sun and the nearest star?
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two marbles separated by 300 kilometers
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What is the typical main sequence lifetime of an M-type star?
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a trillion years
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What is the typical main sequence lifetime of a G-type star?
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10 billion years
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What is the typical main sequence lifetime of a B-type star?
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20 million years
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For a star of 10 solar masses, its main sequence life span will be:
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only 1/1000th of the Sun. (probably on test)