APUSH CH 8 Review

1 September 2022
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question
John Jacob Astor, a prominent New York merchant of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, made his fortune in which trade?
answer
Fur
question
Which of the following statements characterizes the operations of the Bank of the United States in the twenty years after its 1791 chartering?
answer
The bank had branches in eight major cities to respond to demands for commercial credit, and its profit averaged 8 percent annually.
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Which of the following took place after the Bank of the United States' charter expired in 1811?
answer
It was not renewed, but a Second Bank of the United States was chartered five years later.
question
In which of the following lists is the emergence of American financial institutions placed in the correct chronological order?
answer
Bank of North America, Second Bank of the United States, land banks
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Which of the following spurred the Panic of 1819 in the United States?
answer
Reckless practices pursued by a shady state-chartered banks.
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The Panic of 1819 caused which of the following outcomes?
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American cotton and wheat prices plummeted over 50%.
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Why did a national market emerge in the United States between the 1780s and about 1820?
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Entrepreneurs mobilized the large rural workforce to manufacture and distribute goods throughout the United States.
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Which of the following describes the textile industry that was emerging in New England and the Middle Atlantic states in the 1780s?
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The industry relied on an outwork system that combined mills and household labor.
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In which of the following ways did the growth of rural manufacturing affect New Englanders in the early eighteenth century?
answer
Farm families became more dependent on market forces beyond their control.
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The growth of the textile industry in New England in the early nineteenth century negatively affected which of the following occupations?
answer
Fishing
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Which of the following statements describes transportation in the trans-Appalachian West in the early nineteenth century?
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Water transport was the quickest and cheapest way to get goods to market.
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Which of the following objections to the system of state-sponsored mercantilism emerged in the United States by 1820?
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It violated the equal rights of citizens and lessened the power of government.
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On what basis did the U.S. government base its claim that the commonwealth system was consistent with republican ideology?
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State support for private businesses contributed to the overall public good.
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Which of the following describes the publication, Letters from an American Farmer?
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A book written by a French essayist in 1782 that praised American egalitarianism and condemned European aristocracy.
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Which of the following describes the relationship between social status and wealth in seventeenth and eighteenth century American history?
answer
Americans respected those who raised their status through talent and hard work.
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Which of the following describes the political developments taking place in America during the first two decades of the nineteenth century?
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Ordinary white men's rising political status was accompanied by a decline in the political rights of women and free blacks.
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Which of the following statements describes the extent to which parents exercised control over their children's marriages in the United States in 1800?
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Because landholdings shrank, parents lost leverage over their children's choices of marital partners.
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The spread of the cultural attitude known as sentimentalism in the early nineteenth century had which of the following social and cultural consequences?
answer
Increased emphasis on the importance of love in marriage.
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In theory, companionate marriage gave wives equality of rank and fortune but did not solve the issue of?
answer
Domestic Tyranny
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What was the net effect of republican marriage patterns on the institution of marriage in the early nineteenth century America?
answer
Young wives could no longer rely on their parents for emotional or financial support and became more dependent on their husbands.
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Which of the following characterizes the impact of companionate marriage on divorce in the early nineteenth century?
answer
Most divorce petitions in the early nineteenth century cited emotional complaints.
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Which of the following factors contributed to the sharp decline in the American birthrate from 1790 to 1820?
answer
Fathers' desire for fewer children in order to ensure the adequacy of their inheritances.
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In the early republic, Benjamin Rush and other leaders argued that women should be educated so they could do which of the following?
answer
Oversee the instruction of their sons in the principles of liberty and government.
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Society's notion of women as republican wives and mothers was based on which of the following ideas about women?
answer
They were uniquely qualified to educate and nurture the spirit.
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American ministers such as Thomas Bernard argued in the early nineteenth century that women should exercise their power in society through?
answer
Their influence on the male citizens of the coming generations.
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Which of the following characterizes the impact of republican ideology on child rearing in America in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century?
answer
Most parents began to treat their more children permissively and respectfully.
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How did Yeoman and tenant farmers who were influenced by the Second Great Awakening in the nineteenth century treat their children?
answer
With strict rules and harsh discipline.
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In the early 1800s, which group would have endorsed Thomas Jefferson's and Benjamin Rush's proposals for comprehensive public education?
answer
Wealthy New England merchants
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Noah Webster influenced American society in the late eighteenth century through which of the following means?
answer
Publishing dictionaries and spelling books to make American spelling and grammar more uniform.
question
Why did the emancipation of slaves proceed very slowly in the northern states during and after the Revolution?
answer
The northern states gave priority to slaveholders' property rights so that emancipation often was spaced out over several slave generations.
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About how many African-Americans were still living in the northern states in 1810?
answer
Approx. 30,000
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Which slaves became free as a result of the Virginia legislature's passage of a manumission act in 1782?
answer
Those whose masters chose to free them.
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Which of the following developments ended the debate over emancipation in the South in the early nineteenth century?
answer
Gabriel Prosser's slave uprising.
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Which of the following describes the state of Southern society in the early nineteenth century?
answer
Because hard work was associated with slaves, white men resented doing physical labor.
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The South's political clout, which ensured that national government would continue to protect slavery, rested on which of the following?
answer
Its domination of presidency and Senate.
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Why did a group of prominent citizens found the American Colonization Society in 1817?
answer
They aimed to encourage Southern planters to emancipate their slaves for resettlement in Africa.
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The proposed 1819 Tallmadge Amendment articulated which of the following plans?
answer
The gradual emancipation of slaves in Missouri.
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Which of these statesmen played a critical role in creating and passing the 1820 Missouri Compromise?
answer
Henry Clay
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Which of the following describes the Missouri Compromise, enacted in 1820?
answer
This piece of legislation set a precedent for future states' admission to the Union.
question
The Missouri Compromise prohibited slavery in which of the following regions of the Louisiana Purchase?
answer
All the lands north of latitude 36*30' except for the state of Missouri.
question
Which of the following statements characterizes the relationship between church and state in post-revolutionary America?
answer
Most states continued to support churches indirectly by not taxing their property or minister's incomes.
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What was the Second Great Awakening that took place in the early nineteenth century?
answer
A long-lasting religious revival that made the United States a genuinely religious society
question
Which were the two fastest-growing American church denominations during the early nineteenth century?
answer
Baptists and Methodists
question
How did the evangelical Christians spread religious revival during the 2GA?
answer
By holding large camp meetings.
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In which of the following ways did evangelical religions in the South evolve during the first decades of the nineteenth century?
answer
They began by preaching spiritual equality but gradually adopted a message that justified white patriarchal authority.
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African Americans who converted to Christianity during the 2GA embraced which of the following teachings?
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God as the liberator of the Jews.
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The 2GA deeply influenced American culture and society by?
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Promoting the ideas of human reason and free will.
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Which of the following was a result of the 2GA?
answer
Different denominations cooperated with one another.
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Emma Willard was the first American to advocate for which of the following reforms?
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Higher education for women.
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The increasing importance of women in the Protestant denominations in New England during the 2GA led to which of the following outcomes?
answer
Premarital sex among churchgoing youth decreased significantly.
question
The excerpt best reflects which of the following elements of American society in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries?
answer
Republicanism
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The development described in the excerpt is most strongly connected to which of the following?
answer
The controversy over women's political rights.
question
Which of the following was linked to the changes described in the excerpt?
answer
The spread of republican motherhood.