APHG Chapter 4- Culture

A taboo against pork is a characteristic of A) Christianity and Buddhism B) Christianity and Hinduism C) Islam and Hinduism D) Judaism and Islam E) Judaism and Buddhism

T/F Collections of customs can be used to define a culture.

Folk customs usually originate from A) the availability of more leisure time B) a famous historical event C) the application of industrial technology D) global economic exchange E) familiar events in daily life

Many less developed countries fear the loss of folk culture because A) Western clothing styles are less comfortable B) they do not want to preserve traditional values C) they want to avoid political disputes D) Western perspectives may become more dominant E) popular culture devalues women

Cultural diversity is promoted by A) expansion diffusion B) globalization C) the relative isolation of a group from others D) the movement of goods and services across borders

One impact of large-scale consumption of chicken in more developed countries is to A) displace pork producers B) cause chickens to become an endangered species C) diffuse agricultural products into the physical environment D) encourage the development of a new food taboo E) make inefficient use of the world's grain supplies

In which state would alcohol consumption be relatively low? A) Kentucky B) California C) New York D) Nevada E) Utah

Which of the following is an important source area for US folk house types? A) Upper New York B) Lower Chesapeake C) Northeast D) Southwest E) Southern Atlantic

Little wine is produced in Asia primarily because A) the people do not have a tradition of wine making B) religious taboos discourage consumption C) grapes do not grow in these regions D) wines can be imported more cheaply E) soil contaminants produce bad grapes

Which element of the local physical environment is important for wine production? A) topography B) climate C) soil D) proximity to lakes or a river E) all of the above

The diffusion of jeans is a good example primarily of the A) adoption of unique folk culture B) impact of high income on clothing habits C) opposition to globalization D) diffusion of popular culture E) synthetic textiles replacing natural fibers

Diffusion of Internet service is following the earlier pattern of television, except A) the US share of world use is expanding B) expansion of service is faster in Africa than Asia C) diffusion is much slower D) initial use was in less developed countries E) diffusion is much faster

Which of the following characteristics is more typical of a popular culture than a folk culture? A) It results in a more uniform landscape B) It diffuses slowly from its point of origin C) It is likely to be derived from physical conditions D) Communication is more limited E) It has an anonymous origin

Which of the following is NOT an important factor in distinguishing different folk housing types in the US? A) size of the building B) origins of regional migrations C) choice of building materials D) form in which the structure is arranged E) climate in which the structure is built

Diffusion of popular customs can adversely impact environmental quality in two ways: A) reducing demand for foreign products and promoting local crafts B) using renewable materials and recycled designs C) diversity of products and slow change D) increased diversity and decreased demand E) depletion of scarce resources and pollution

Hip Hop music originated in New York the late 1970s in A) Queens B) the South Bronx C) Harlem D) Brooklyn E) lower Manhattan

T/F Adoption of Western popular culture seldom results in the elimination of traditional folk culture

Popular customs most frequently originate in A) countries with large rural populations B) more developed countries C) less developed countries D) former communist countries E) equally likely in all of the above

A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom

An example of a folk custom used to diffuse information about agriculture is A) Armed Forces Radio B) Vietnamese songs C) Association Football D) home design in Madagascar E) Himalayan art

frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of a group of people

Americans' preferences for beverages and snacks A) vary from one region of the country t another B) are primarily dependent on high income and national advertising C) vary according to religious differences D) vary according to what is produced locally E) all of the above

One significant impact of popular culture is to A) spread through relocation diffusion B) modify the physical environment C) create a more varied and less uniform landscape D) promote the diffusion of folk culture E) All of the above

In contrast to popular culture, folk cultures are more likely to vary A) with rapid change B) both from place to place and from time to time C) neither from place to place nor from time to time D) from place to place at a given time E) from time to time at a given place

The distribution of the subjects of art in the Himalayas shows how folk cultures A) avoid painting animate objects B) always paint religious subjects C) are influenced by distinctive vegetation, climate, and religion D) abandon customary forms with migration E) typically paint scenes of nature but not people

The main effect of modern communications on social customs has been to A) increase the similarity of social customs in different locations B) stimulate the diffusion of folk cultures around the world C) slow the rate of change D) have little effect on the diffusion of social customs E) preserve folk cultures, by increasing awareness of their uniqueness

In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is more likely to vary A) both from place to place and from time to time B) from place to place at a given time C) neither from place to place nor from time to time D) from time to time at a given place

repetitive act performed by an individual

Rapid diffusion of popular culture A) is an example of relocation diffusion B) conserves resources C) depends on modern communication systems D) encourages people in different places to adopt different customs E) all of the above

Folk songs are distinguished from popular songs because they A) are only transmitted orally B) written by specialists for commercial distribution C) tell a story about daily activities D) can be understood only by one group E) are never changed from one generation to the next

The geographer Vidal de la Blache regarded food supply as A) the best available example of a folk custom B) the folk custom most closely tied to a particular climate C) less subject to modification than the clothing and weapons D) all of the above E) A and C

T/F A major factor in the diffusion of British football was the presence of British citizens in other countries

T/F Hotels, fast-food restaurants, and other franchises encourage a uniform appearance on the landscape to promote customer recognition.

Popular culture and folk culture can both result in a higher level of A) environmental degradation B) extinction of animal species C) consumption of animal products D) demand for raw materials E) all of the above

Typically, popular culture A) reflects the characteristics of a distinctive physical environment B) is practiced by small homogeneous groups C) originates in a number of locations at the same time D) experience frequent changes E) all of the above

In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of A) small homogeneous groups B) large heterogeneous groups C) groups of specialists D) groups with little interaction with other groups E) groups living in isolated rural areas

Popular customs are more likely than folk customs to A) evolve from the isolation of different groups B) have an unknown source of origin C) rapidly diffuse through modern communication and transportation D) vary from place to place E) reflect the unique characteristics of the landscape

Today, house types in the US are distinguished by all but which of the following? A)Alternative styles have diffused throughout the country B) They demonstrate how popular customs vary more in time than in place C) They display few regional distinctions D) They can still be divided into three distinct regions E) They are usually mass-produced

People maintain their folk culture despite familiarity with popular culture primarily because of A) fear of foreign influence B) the high cost of popular customs C) strong desire to preserve unique customs D) lack of exposure to the media E) concern for the physical environment

T/F The physical environment commonly plays an important role in the development of unique folk customs.

As they have more contact with popular culture, women in less developed countries are more likely to A) reduce the practice of prostitution B) gain more opportunities outside the home C) bear more children D) obtain food for the family E) be subservient to men

Popular culture A) diffuses through relocation diffusion B) typically follows the process of hierarchical diffusion from nodes of innovation C) is usually transmitted orally across time and location D) is transmitted from one location to another through small scale and local migration

The Yuan and Shan peoples in northern Thailand sleep with their heads toward the east A) to avoid the direction of death and evil spirits B) so that the head is opposite the neighbors' heads C) because the head is considered high and noble D) as a sign of obeying a customary hierarchy E) to avoid drafts from monsoon winds

Hip hop music demonstrates an interplay between globalization and local diversity because A) some lyrics can't be transmitted over the radio and television B) artists receive widesprad popularity and airplay yet stil make local references C) it is a part of popular culture which threatens to overwhelm local folk cultures D) it is a form of folk culture threatened by globalization

T/F Two social groups living in close proximity will retain unique social customs if there is limited interaction between them

The most important house style in the US since the 1960s is known as A) split-level B) neo-eclectic C) contemporary D) saltbox E) minimal traditional

Folk cultures are spread primarily by A) stimulus diffusion B) epidemic diffusion C) relocation diffusion D) hierarchical diffusion E) contagious diffusion

The choice of clothing in Western countries is strongly influenced by A) knowledge of fashion elsewhere B) level of income C) occupation D) all of the above E) B and C

the sum of the effects of the local environment on a food item

T/F Food taboos usually derive from unique elements of the physical environment.