A&P TEST 1

Select the most correct statement regarding nucleic acids A. tDNA is considered a molecular slave of DNA during protein synthesis B. three forms exist: DNA, RNA, and tDNA C. RNA is a long, single-stranded molecule made up of the bases A, T, G, and C D. DNA is a long, double stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases

Which of the following statements is false? A. Chemical reactions progress at a faster rate when the reacting particles are present in higher numbers B. Larger particles move faster than smaller ones and thus collide more frequently and more forcefully C. catalyst increase the rate of chemical reactions, sometimes while undergoing reversible changes in shape D. Chemical reactions proceed more quickly at higher temperatures

Isotopes differ from each other only in the number of electrons the atom contains T/F

Edema occurs when: A. collagen fibers enlarge as they change from dehydrated to hydrated shape B. Areolar tissue soaks up excess fluid in an inflamed area C. Reticular connective tissue invades the area D. Adipose cells enlarge by pinocytosis

Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes? A. Pseudostratified columnar B. Simple squamous C. Simple columnar D. Simple cuboidal

It is the difference in the R group that makes each amino acid chemically unique: T/F

The basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present T/F

______ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane A. stratified cuboidal B. Pseudostratified columnar C. Stratified columnar D. Transitional

Cholesterol helps to stabilize the cell membrane while decreasing the mobility of phospholipids T/F

A many layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as____ A. Stratified squamous B. Simple squamous C. Simple cuboidal D. Transitional

If cells are placed in a hypertonic solution containing a solute to which the membrane is impermeable, what could happen? A. The cells will swell and ultimately burst B. The cells will show no change due to diffusion of both solute and solvent C. The cells will lose water and shrink D. The cells will shrink at first, but will later reach equilibrium with the surrounding solution and return to their original condition

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organs

The blast cell for blood production is the ________. A. fibroblast B. Chondroblast C. Hemocytoblast D. Osteoblast

The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ______. A. Elastic fibers B. Hydroxyapatite crystals C. collagen fibers D. Reticular fibers

The numbers listed represent the number of electrons in the first, second, and third energy levels, respectively.. On this basis, which of the following is an unstable or reactive atom? A. 2 B. 2, 8, 1 C. 2,8 D. 2,8,8

A bond in which electrons are completely lost or gained by the atoms involved

A type of bond important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into three-dimensional structure

A bond in which electrons are shared equally

A bond in which electrons are shared unequally

Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? A. Negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus B. Positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host C. Blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms D. Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body

A process by which large particles may be taken into the protection of the body by invaders like bacteria, or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis: T/F

Which of the following is true about epithelia A. Pseudostratified epithelia are commonly keratinized B. Stratified epithelia are associated with filtration C. Simple epithelia are commonly found in areas of high abrasion D. Endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs

Systems and organs: Trachea, bronchi, alveoli

Adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary

Esophagus, large intestine, rectum

Arteries, veins, hear

Kidneys, bladder, uterus

The genetic information is coded in DNA by the ______ A. arrangement of the histones B. Sequence of the nucleotides C. Three dimensional structure of the double helix D. regular alteration of sugar and phosphate molecules

Facilitated diffusion always requires a carrier protein (T/F)

The major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction (T/F)

Carbohydrates and proteins are built up from their basic building blocks by the ______. A. Addition of a carbon atom between each two units B. Removal of water molecule between each two units C. Removal of a carbon atom between each two units D. Addition of a water molecule between each two units

Mixtures are combinations of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but are not bound by chemical bonds (T/F)

Which of the following is an example of a suspension A. Rubbing alcohol B. cytoplasm C. salt water D. blood

A tissue consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function (T/F)

Which of the following would not be a functional characteristic of life? A. Responsiveness to exernal stimuli B. Movement C. Maintenance of boundaries D. Decay

In osmosis, movement of water occurs toward the solution with the lower solute concentration (T/F)

The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosome from protein formation is____ A. ssRNA B. mRNA C. tRNA D. rRNA

The four elements that make up about 96% of body matter are_____ A. Sodium, Potassium, Hydrogen, Oxygen B. Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus, calcium C. nitrogen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium D. carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

Functions of connective tissues include binding, support, insulation, and protection (T/F)

Which of the following describes the plasma membrane? A. a single layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell B. a double layer of protein enclosing the plasma C. a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell D. a membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae

Macrophages are found in areolar and lymphatic tissues (T/F)

The anatomical position means the body is standing at attention with the palms facing forward and the thumbs pointing away from the body (T/F)

Smooth muscle cells possess central nuclei but lack striations T/F

Energy::: When the bonds of ATP are broken, energy is released to do cellular work

Energy that travels in waves. Part of the electromagnetic spectrum

Represented by the flow of charged particles along a conductor, or the flow of ions across a membrane

Legs moving the pedals of a bicycle

Epithelial tissues always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal surface

Histology would be best defiend as the study of ______ A. Cells B. The gross structures of the body C. Tissues D. Cell chemistry

A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a A. Organ system B. Complex tissue C. Organ D. Complex cell

A red blood cell placed in pure water would_____ A. neither shrink or swell B. swell and burst C. swell initially, then sharing as equilibrium is reached D. Shrink

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the membrane potential? A. The resting membrane potential is determined mainly by the concentration gradients and differential permeability of the plasma membrane to potassium and sodium ions B. the resting membrane potential occurs due to active transport of ions across the membrane due to the sodium potassium pump C. in their resting state, all body cells exhibit a resting membrane potential D. The resting membrane potential is maintained solely by passive transport processes

What is the regional term for the hip region? A. Inguinal B. Manus C. Coxal D. Pedal

Cartilage has good regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not (T/F)

Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA A. rRNA is always attached to the rough ER B. There is exactly one specific type of mRNA for each amino acid C. If the base sequence of DNA is ATTGCA, the messenger RNA template will be UCCAUGU D. Messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA play a role in protein synthesis

Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane? A. It acts as a site of cell-cell interaction and recognition B. It is selectively permeable but permits water and gases to cross C. It encloses the cell contents in such a way that water in the body is divided into separate compartments D. It prevents potassium ions from leaking out and sodium ions from crossing into the cell