AP Psych Unit 14 review

4 January 2023
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A culture that promotes individualism is most likely to encourage
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nonconformity
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After a light turns green, drivers that take about 15 percent less time to travel the first 100 yards when another car is beside them at the intersection than when they are alone. This best illustrates
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social facilitation
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Cultural diversity best illustrates our
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adaptive capacity.
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In Milgram's obedience experiments, "teacher" were MOST likely to deliver high levels of shock when
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the "learner" was placed in a different room from the "teacher."
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After an exciting football game in which the home team loses by one point, a crowd of fans throw bottles and begins to tear up the field. This behavior is best understood in terms of
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deindividuation
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Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another?
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social psychology
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Attitudes are __________ that guide behavior.
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belief-based feelings
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Feeling responsible for behavior that violates our conscience is most likely to contribute to
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cognitive dissonace
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Joie, age 19, is a black female high school junior. Research on how we categorize social information suggests that Joie is most likely to believe that most
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Chinese people tend to look pretty much alike
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Unconsciously mimicking other around us is known as
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the chameleon effect.
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Prejudice is best defined as
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an unjustifiable attitude toward a group or its members
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Aleksis has recently begun to bully and hurt his younger brother. If this behavior continues, it is likely that Aleksis will
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develop an increasing dislike for his brother
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The just-world phenomenon often leads people to
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believe that victims of misfortune deserve to suffer.
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The tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of person dispositions on another's behavior is called
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the Fundamental Attribution Error
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Group polarization refers to
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the enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through group discussion.
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Social loafing refers to the tendency for people to
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Exert less effort when they are pooling there efforts towards common goal
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Studies indicate that
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North Americans prefer more personal space than Latin Americans.
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Observing yourself on videotape is most likely to increase your tendency to attribute your behavior to
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personality traits
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The value of social conformity is most likely to be emphasize in
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Japan
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A person's behavior is most likely to be consistent with his or her attitudes when
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external influences on behavior are minimal
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The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as a(n)
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Role
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Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group's judgement of the lengths of lines
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even when the group judgment was clearly incorrect.
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During a Girl Scout picnic, Lativina was randomly selected to be on one baseball team and Carla on the opposing team. Before the game started, Latvinia and Carla were each
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ingroup bias
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According to the scapegoat theory, prejudice is likely to result from
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frustration
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Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrates that
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actions may sometimes be inconsistent with attitudes
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White children are better at recognizing White faces than Black faces. This illustrates
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the other-race effect.
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Yuri decided to delay his road trip after hearing a weather forecast warn that a severe snowstorm would pass through the area within several hours. Yuri's decision best illustrates the impact of
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informational social information
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In all of Milgram's obedience experiments, participates were deceived about
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the amount of shock the victim actually recieved
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The ingroup is the set of people with whom we share a common
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identity
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Conformity is best described as
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Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard
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ESSAY positive reinforcement
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Positive reinforcement works by presenting a motivating item to the person after the desired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior more likely to happen in the future.
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ESSAY negative reinforcement
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In negative reinforcement, a response or behavior is strengthened by stopping, removing or avoiding a negative outcome or aversive stimulus.
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ESSAY Central Route Persuasion
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Central route to persuasion occurs when a person is persuaded by the content of the message.
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ESSAY Peripheral route persuasion
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The peripheral route relies on something other than information central to the merits of the product or idea being considered to influence someone's attitude or behavior.
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ESSAY Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
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Foot-in-the-door (FITD) technique is a compliance tactic that involves getting a person to agree to a large request by first setting them up by having that person agree to a modest request.
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ESSAY superordinate goal
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superordinate goals refer to goals that require the cooperation of two or more people or groups to achieve, which usually results in rewards to the groups.
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ESSAY conformity
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behavior in accordance with socially accepted conventions or standards.
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ESSAY obedience
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compliance with an order, request, or law or submission to another's authority.