AP Human Geography Chapter 3 Vocab example #86012

2 December 2022
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remittances
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money migrant send back to family and friends in their home coutnries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer coutnries
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cyclic movements
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Movement - for example, nomadic migration - that has closed route and is repeated annually or seasonally
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activity spaces
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the space within which daily activity occurs
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nomadism
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movement among a definite set of places. Ex of cyclic movement.
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periodic movements
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Movement - for example, college attendance or military service - that involves temporary, recurrent relocation
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migrant labor
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a common type of periodic movemetn involving millions of worker in the US and tens of millions of workers worldwide who cross internationl borders in search of employment and become immigrants, in many instances
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transhumance
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a seasonal periodic movement of pastorarists and their livestock between highland and lowland
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military service
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another common form of periodic movement involving as many as 10 million US citizens in a given year, including military personnel and their families, who are moved to new locations where they will spend tours of duty lasting up to several years
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migration
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a change in residence intended to be permanent
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international migration
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human movement involving movement across international boundaries
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internal migration
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human movement within a nation-state, such as going westward and southward movements in the US
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forced migration
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human migration flows in which the movers have not choice but to relocate
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voluntary migration
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movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity; not forced.
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laws of migration
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developed by British demographer Ernst Ravenstein, 5 laws that predict the flow of migrants
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gravity model
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a mathmatical prediction of the interation of places, the interation being a function of population size of the respective places and the distance between them
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push factors
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negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their adobe and migrate to a new location
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pull factors
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positive conditions and perceptions that induce people to new locations from other areas
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distance decay
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the effects of distance on interactions, generally greater the distance the less interaction
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step migration
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migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city
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intervening opportunity
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The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away.
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kinship links
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types of push or pull factors that influence a migrant's decision to go where family or friends have already found success
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chain migration
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pattern of migration that develops when migrants move along and through kinship links
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immigration wave
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Phenomenon whereby different patterns of chain migration build upon one another to create a swell in migration from one origin to the same destination.
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explorers
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a person examining a region that is unknown to them
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colonization
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physical process whereby the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge and either moving its own people into the place or bringing in indentured outsiders to gain control of the people and the land
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islands of development
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Place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and infrastructure
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guest workers
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legal immigrant who has work visa, usually short term
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refugees
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people who have fled their country because of political persecution and seek asylum in another country
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internal refugees
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people who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee
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international refugees
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refugees who have crossed one or more international boundaries during their dislocation, searching for asylum in a different country
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asylum
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shelter and protection in one state for refugees from another country
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immigration laws
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laws and regulations of a state designed specifically to control immigration into the state
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quotas
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established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year
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selective immigration
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process to control immigration in which individuals with certain backgrounds are barred from immigrating