A&P Chapter 12

25 July 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
42 test answers

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers (38)
question
Which of the following is true of the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain? The longitudinal fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum. Nearly the entire surface of the cerebral hemispheres is marked by shallow grooves called gyri. Nearly the entire surface of the cerebral hemispheres is marked by elevated ridges called sulci. The cerebral hemispheres account for about 83% of total brain mass.
answer
**The cerebral hemispheres account for about 83% of total brain mass.**
question
Which of the following is NOT a correctly matched pair? superficial in the brain: gray matter gray matter: location of brain nuclei spinal cord: inner gray matter gray matter: myelinated axons
answer
**gray matter: myelinated axons**
question
Which part of the CNS sorts almost all sensory information ascending to the cerebral cortex? pons thalamus hypothalamus mesencephalon
answer
**thalamus**
question
Which of the following is NOT a diencephalon component? superior colliculus hypothalamus thalamus pineal gland
answer
**superior colliculus**
question
Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus? regulate the thalamus regulate body temperature regulate emotional responses regulate food intake
answer
regulate the thalamus
question
Which of the following regions of the brain stem carries one-way communications that advise the cerebellum of voluntary motor activities initiated by the motor cortex? pons thalamus midbrain medulla oblongata
answer
**pons**
question
Which part of the brain processes inputs received from the cerebral motor cortex, brain stem nuclei, and various sensory receptors, and then uses this information to coordinate balance, posture, and somatic movement problems? pons thalamus diencephalon cerebellum
answer
**cerebellum**
question
Which functional area of the brain is responsible for keeping the cortex alert and conscious and enhancing its excitability? Broca's area frontal eye fields limbic system reticular activating system
answer
**reticular activating system**
question
Which of the meninges is a delicate connective tissue membrane that clings tightly to the brain like cellophane wrap following its every convolution? periosteal layer of the dura mater arachnoid mater meningeal layer of the dura mater pia mater
answer
**pia mater**
question
Select the true statement regarding first-order neurons. First-order neurons usually ascend directly to the thalamus. First-order neuron cell bodies reside in a ganglion. First-order neurons originate in the CNS. First-order neurons descend with motor commands.
answer
**First-order neuron cell bodies reside in a ganglion.**
question
Which of these would you NOT find in the cerebral cortex? fiber tracts cell bodies dendrites interneurons
answer
**fiber tracts**
question
White matter is found in all of the following locations EXCEPT the ________. corticospinal tracts corpus callosum outer portion of the spinal cord cerebral cortex
answer
**cerebral cortex**
question
Part complete Which part of the brain is the "executive suite" that controls conscious brain activity? cerebral cortex diencephalon brain stem cerebellum
answer
**cerebral cortex**
question
For our motor commands to travel toward our muscles, the signals must travel on __________. projection fibers association fibers the primary visual cortex commissural fibers
answer
**projection fibers**
question
After Joe has a stroke, his doctor asks Joe to touch his right pointer finger to his chin, but Joe is unable to move his right hand. However, when the doctor stimulates Joe's pointer finger with a painful stimulus, Joe's muscles quickly move his hand away from the stimulus. The doctor concludes that ______. the stroke caused damage to Joe's frontal eye field which interfered with his effort to touch his chin the stroke caused damage to Joe's right primary motor cortex the stroke caused damage to Joe's left premotor cortex based on the doctor's observations, none of the listed answers are correct conclusions
answer
**based on the doctor's observations, none of the listed answers are correct conclusions**
question
A patient reports that she has become completely deaf; she can't hear anything. Thorough tests on her ears indicate that her ears have not been damaged. Additional tests reveal that her deafness has been caused by damage to her ______. primary somatosensory cortex auditory association area somatosensory association cortex None of the listed responses is correct.
answer
**None of the listed responses is correct.**
question
What groove separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe? central sulcus longitudinal fissure parieto-occipital sulcus lateral fissure
answer
**central sulcus**
question
Which of the following best describes the cerebrum? visceral command center decussation center motor command center executive suite
answer
**exective suite**
question
An elevated ridge of the cortex is called a ________. furrow gyrus fissure sulcus
answer
**gyrus**
question
The lateral sulcus separates which lobes? frontal from parietal parietal from occipital frontal from occipital temporal from parietal
answer
**temporal from parietal**
question
The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the ________. lateral sulcus cranial fossa central sulcus longitudinal fissure
answer
**lateral sulcus**
question
Which part of the cerebral cortex is involved in intellect, cognition, recall, and personality? posterior association area prefrontal cortex (anterior association area) combined primary somatosensory cortex and somatosensory association cortex limbic association area
answer
**prefrontal cortex (anterior association area)**
question
The area of the cortex that is responsible for sensing a full bladder and the feeling that your lungs will burst when you hold your breath too long is the ________. vestibular cortex visceral sensory area olfactory cortex gustatory cortex
answer
**visceral sensory area**
question
The large commissure that connects the right and left sides of the brain is called the ________. corpus callosum internal capsule corona radiata longitudinal fissure
answer
**corpus callosum**
question
Which brain structure functions to control the autonomic nervous system and to regulate body temperature? pons hypothalamus mammillary body medulla oblongata
answer
**hypothalamus**
question
Part complete The ________ includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. basal nuclei midbrain diencephalon brain stem
answer
**dicencephalon**
question
Which of the following is (are) involved with motor activity (either initiation or coordination)? gustatory cortex Wernicke's area postcentral gyrus red nuclei
answer
**red nuclei**
question
Vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________. midbrain pons medulla oblongata cerebrum
answer
**medulla oblongata**
question
The arbor vitae refers to ________. cerebellar white matter cerebellar gray matter flocculonodular nodes the pleatlike convolutions of the cerebellum
answer
**cerebellar white matter**
question
Which of the following is correctly matched? posterior association area: understand balance limbic association area: sense of danger gustatory cortex; sense of hearing vestibular cortex; pattern recognition
answer
**limbic association area: sense of danger**
question
Part complete The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ________. thalamus reticular formation pyramids limbic system
answer
**reticular formation**
question
During an epileptic seizure, the triggering of convulsions would not directly involve the uncontrolled activity of neurons located in the ______. pyramidal tracts primary motor cortex thalamus medulla oblongata
answer
**thalamus**
question
Which category of memory is involved when playing the piano? procedural declarative motor emotional
answer
**procedural**
question
REM sleep is associated with ________. temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for ocular muscles and diaphragm decreased oxygen use, especially in the cerebral cortex decreased activity of the brain, especially the cerebral cortex decreased vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure
answer
**temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for ocular muscles and diaphragm**
question
Which type of memory is exemplified by a racing heartbeat upon hearing a rattlesnake nearby? motor procedural (skills) emotional declarative (fact)
answer
**emotional**
question
Sleepwalking may occur during ________. NREM stage 2 REM NREM stage 4 NREM stage 1
answer
**NREM stage 4**
question
The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges? arachnoid and pia dura and epidura arachnoid and epidura arachnoid and dura
answer
**arachnoid and pia**
question
The blood-brain barrier is effective against ________. nutrients such as glucose alcohol anesthetics metabolic waste such as urea
answer
**metabolic waste such as urea**
question
Which of the following is NOT a function of the CSF? protection from blows nourishment of the brain initiation of some nerve impulses reduction of brain weight
answer
**initiation of some nerve impulses**
question
Two terms for the massive motor tracts serving voluntary movement are ________. supplementary and cerebellar-pontine segmental and nigrostriatal extrapyramidal and rubrospinal pyramidal and corticospinal
answer
**pyramidal and corticospinal**
question
Important nuclei of the indirect (multineuronal) system that receive impulses from the equilibrium apparatus of the inner ear and help to maintain balance by varying muscle tone of postural muscles are the ________. vestibular nuclei reticular nuclei red nuclei superior colliculi
answer
**vestibular nuclei**
question
Most of the ascending and descending pathways to and from the brain cross over (decussate) from one side of the body to the other. True False
answer
**true**