A&P Chapter 10

12 September 2022
4.7 (114 reviews)
86 test answers

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers (82)
question
The gastrocnemius muscle of the calf causes plantar flexion when it contracts. The joint works as a second-class lever. This is useful because second-class levers
answer
exert more force than other types of levers
question
The biceps brachii acts as a third-class lever, pulling on the radius to move the hand a long distance compared to how far the muscle shortens. To get the most distance for its force, which type of fascicle organization would the biceps brachii have?
answer
parallel
question
The quadriceps muscle group, the knee extensors, consists primarily of pennate muscles. What advantage does this arrangement provide?
answer
increased force
question
The buccinator muscle is innervated by the
answer
facial nerve
question
At its insertion (unlike at its origin), the buccinator muscle
answer
attaches to fibers of another facial muscle
question
The buccinator muscle
answer
compresses the cheeks
question
The temporalis muscle originates on the __________ and inserts on the
answer
temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible
question
The temporalis muscle is innervated by the mandibular branch of the __
answer
trigeminal nerve
question
The masseter muscle originates on the
answer
medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch
question
The masseter is innervated by the _____________ branch of the trigeminal nerve.
answer
mandibular
question
Acting bilaterally, the splenius capitis
answer
extends the head
question
The insertions of the semispinatus capitus are on the
answer
occipital bone
question
The fibers of the iliocostalis muscle are divided into which three regions?
answer
lumbar, thoracic, and cervical
question
The entire length of longissimus muscle extends from the mastoid process of the temporal bone to the
answer
sacrum
question
The least variable of the different parts of the spinalis muscle is the __
answer
spinalis thoracis
question
The actions of the internal obliques include __________.
answer
compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration
question
The actions of the internal intercostals are most important during __________.
answer
forced expiration
question
The origin of the external obliques includes ribs __________.
answer
five through twelve
question
The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the __________.
answer
public bone
question
The external intercostals elevate the rib cage during __________.
answer
inspiration
question
The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the __________.
answer
intercostals nerves
question
The two heads of the biceps brachii combine to insert on the __________.
answer
radial tuberosity
question
The brachialis muscle is located __________ to the biceps brachii muscle.
answer
deep
question
All fibers of the triceps brachii are innervated by the __________.
answer
radial nerve
question
The deltoid muscle fibers are separated into __________.
answer
anterior, middle, and posterior
question
The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle __________.
answer
abduct the arm
question
The tensor fasciae latae stabilizes the hip joint and the __________ joint.
answer
knee
question
Both the Psoas major muscle and iliacus muscle insert on the __________.
answer
lesser trochanter of the femur
question
The origin of the Sartorius muscle is from the __________ spine.
answer
anterior superior iliac
question
The majority of the fibers of the gluteus maximus insert onto the __________.
answer
ileotibial tract
question
The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle during __________.
answer
extension
question
The gluteus medius muscle is innervated by the __________.
answer
superior gluteal nerve
question
Which joint is considered the most flexible joint in the body?
answer
shoulder
question
Muscles of the shoulder can be divided into groups based on __________.
answer
distibution and functional relationship
question
Which of the following groups of muscles are not muscles of the shoulder?
answer
the anterior flexor muscles
question
The pectoral girdle consists of the __________.
answer
clavicle and scapula
question
The primary function of the pectoral girdle is to __________.
answer
act as an attachment site for muscles that move the arm
question
The rhomboideus minor muscle originates on which process on the vertebrae?
answer
spinous process
question
The four muscles that comprise the posterior group of the pectoral girdle are the __________.
answer
levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major, and trapezius
question
The trapezius muscle may be separated into all of the following groups, except __________.
answer
lateral
question
All fibers of the trapezius muscle are innervated by the __________.
answer
spinal accessory nerve
question
The rhomboid minor muscle sits __________.
answer
superior to the rhomboid major
question
The actions of the rhomboid major on the scapula do not include __________.
answer
lateral rotation
question
The origin of the serratus anterior includes __________ ribs.
answer
eight , 8
question
The rotator cuff is a term used to describe the group of muscles and tendons that stabilize and reinforce the __________.
answer
glenohumerral joint
question
All the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles combine at which location?
answer
humeral head
question
A reduction in the lateral angle of the glenohumeral joint in relation to the anatomical position would be called __________.
answer
adduction
question
Movement of the shoulder laterally away from the body is called __________.
answer
abduction
question
The insertion of the supraspinatus muscle is on the __________.
answer
greater tubercle of the humerus
question
The infraspinatus inserts on the ____________ of the humerus.
answer
greater tubercle of the humerus
question
The infraspinatus muscle is included in the __________ muscles.
answer
rotator cuff
question
The latissimus dorsi inserts __________.
answer
on the intertubercular groove of the humerus
question
One of the actions of the latissimus dorsi muscle is to __________.
answer
adduct the arm
question
The subscapularis muscle inserts on the __________.
answer
lesser tubercle of the humerus
question
The insertion of the teres minor is on the __________.
answer
greater tubercle of the humerus
question
The teres major adducts the arm but does not __________ the arm.
answer
abduct
question
The pectoralis minor muscle is innervated by the __________.
answer
pectoral nerves
question
Movement of the elbow joint movement is limited to __________.
answer
flexion and extension
question
Movement of the forearm includes __________.
answer
pronation and supination
question
Why are the muscles that move the fingers and wrist located in the forearm?
answer
This design allows the hand to maintain fine motor control and strength without the interference of bulky muscles.
question
The forearm muscles can be divided into anterior flexors and posterior extensors, as well as __________.
answer
deep and superficial layers
question
To allow movement of the tendons within the carpal tunnel zone, each tendon is encased in a __________.
answer
sheath
question
Carpal tunnel syndrome is characterized by __________.
answer
inflammation of the flexor retinaculum and/or tendon sheaths
question
Of all the flexor muscles of the forearm, the __________ is the shortest.
answer
pronator teres
question
The brachioradialis is a strong forearm __________.
answer
flexor
question
At the completion of supinator action, the palm is turned __________.
answer
anteriorly
question
The actions of the muscles that cross the hip do not include __________.
answer
inversion
question
Muscles that act on the knee joint form most of the mass of the __________.
answer
thigh
question
The origin of the rectus femoris is the ____________.
answer
anterior inferior iliac spine
question
The rectus femoris muscle extends the leg at the __________.
answer
knee
question
All fibers of the semimembranosus muscle converge to insert on the __________.
answer
posterior tibia
question
The semimembranosus __________ the thigh at the hip and __________ the leg at the knee.
answer
extends; flexes
question
The vastus lateralis is innervated by the __________.
answer
femoral nerve
question
The semitendinosus muscle lies ______________ to the semimembranosus muscle.
answer
posterior
question
The semitendinosus muscle is innervated by the __________ nerve.
answer
tibial portion of the sciatic
question
Both heads of the biceps femoris muscle __________.
answer
flex the leg at the knee
question
The biceps femoris is located in the __________.
answer
posterior thigh
question
The long head of the biceps femoris muscle originates on the __________.
answer
ischial tuberosity
question
Which of the following is not true of the deep fascia of the leg?
answer
an insertion for the majority of lower leg muscles
question
The origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle are the __________.
answer
lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur
question
The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the __________.
answer
tibial nerve
question
The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle converge to insert onto __________.
answer
the calcaneus
question
The tibialis anterior muscle dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle and also assists in __________ of the foot.
answer
inversion
question
The tibialis posterior muscle originates at which three locations?
answer
tibia, patellar surface, and interossecous membrane
question
The soleus muscle shares an insertion with the __________.
answer
gastrocnemius muscle
question
The soleus muscle __________ the foot at the ankle and is innervated by the __________.
answer
flexes; tibial nerve