Ch. 17

In a centrifuged sample of blood, what makes up the buffy coat? plasma red blood cells white blood cells and platelets platelets only

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood? regulation distribution protection hormone production

The __________ is the fluid portion of the blood. hematocrit plasma buffy coat hemoglobin

The majority of whole blood is __________. erythrocytes leukocytes platelets plasma

What does dark red blood indicate? oxygen-poor blood saltiness of blood pH of blood oxygen-rich blood

Which plasma constituent is the main contributor to osmotic pressure? fibrinogen beta globulins albumin alpha globulins

The main protein in blood plasma is __________. erythropoietin plasmin albumin hemoglobin

Athletes who choose to use industry-produced EPO as a performance-enhancing drug to increase the effects of their naturally-produced EPO, will experience ______. decreased production of EPO by their kidneys decreased erythropoiesis decreased reticulocyte counts None of the listed responses is correct.

In a cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy, the decision to utilize a CSF capable of specifically stimulating the production of only the granular leukocytes would require that the CSF acts exclusively on ______. lymphoid stem cells myeloid stem cells myeloblasts lymphoblasts

Which of the formed elements contains hemoglobin and transports respiratory gases? granular leukocytes platelets erythrocytes agranular leukocytes

Which of the following is NOT a functional characteristic of leukocytes? leukocytosis positive chemotaxis diapedesis amoeboid motion

Which leukocyte functions in phagocytizing bacteria? neutrophil lymphocyte basophil eosinophil

Which of the following is NOT a formed element of the blood? leukocytes erythrocytes platelets antibodies

Choose the statement that is true concerning hemoglobin. It is composed of four protein chains and four heme groups. When hemoglobin is not bound to oxygen, it appears blue. It can bind a maximum of three oxygen molecules. It is found in the plasma portion of blood.

In adults, red blood cell production occurs in __________. the liver yellow bone marrow red bone marrow the thymus

Which of the following does NOT stimulate erythrocyte production? erythropoietin hyperventilating a drop in normal blood oxygen levels testosterone

Bilirubin is cleared from the body by __________. the liver the pancreas the kidneys the spleen

Which of the following is correctly matched? hemorrhagic anemia: red blood cells rupture aplastic anemia: results from excessive blood loss pernicious anemia: results from a vitamin B12 deficiency hemolytic anemia: results from inadequate iron intake

An abnormal excess of erythrocytes is called __________. thalassemia sickle-cell anemia leukocytosis polycythemia

The most abundant leukocytes are __________. neutrophils monocytes lymphocytes basophils

On a blood smear slide prepared using Wright's stain, you observe a large cell with a U-shaped nucleus and pale blue cytoplasm. This cell is most likely a(n) __________. lymphocyte basophil monocyte eosinophil

Platelet formation is regulated by __________. plasmin thrombopoietin erythropoietin interleukin-2

Erythrocytes lack a nucleus. True False

All leukocytes are also lymphocytes. True False

When a person has an acute bacterial infection, such as meningitis or appendicitis, which type of leukocyte increases in number? basophils eosinophils neutrophils lymphocytes

Which type of leukocyte is responsible for antibody production? basophils eosinophils neutrophils lymphocytes

When we take anti-histamines, we are countering the effects of which type of leukocyte? lymphocytes neutrophils basophils eosinophils

What do the lymphoid stem cells give rise to? monocytes erythrocytes granulocytes lymphocytes

Which cell of the myeloid stem cell pathway has accumulated granules? myeloblasts myelocytes monocytes promyelocytes

From which cell do the granulocytes descend? lymphoid stem cell monoblast myeloblast promonocyte

What part of the pathway to produce platelets is shared with other formed elements? reticulocyte hematopoietic stem cell (hemocytoblast) lymphoid stem cell megakaryoblast

Which formed element can be described as cytoplasmic fragments? lymphocytes monocytes platelets erythrocytes

Which of the following is true of the structure of an erythrocyte?

What is the name of the protein found in erythrocytes that allows for respiratory gas transport?

What triggers erythropoietin (EPO) production to make new red blood cells?

Which part of the hemoglobin molecule binds carbon dioxide for transport?

How many oxygen molecules can be transported by one hemoglobin molecule?

When oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, what bright red molecule is formed?

Specifically, what is the production of red blood cells called?

What is a young, anucleate erythrocyte called?

What part of the body does erythropoietin (EPO) target to increase erythropoiesis?

What part of the hemoglobin molecule is recycled to form bile?

What erythrocyte production disorder results from an autoimmune disease associated with vitamin B12 absorption?

What role do the kidneys play in erythropoiesis?

Which of the following is NOT a part of hemostasis?

What protein involved in coagulation provides the scaffolding for tissue repair?

What is an embolus?

Hemostasis leads to __________.

The first step in hemostasis is __________.

Which of the following represents a difference between extrinsic and intrinsic blood clotting pathways?

The enzyme __________ digests fibrin clots.

Which of the following would NOT lead to a bleeding disorder?

Which of the following is best suited to the clotting process that occurs when blood vessels are ruptured?

Which event of hemostasis constricts the damaged artery to reduce blood loss? Select from letters A-D.

During which event of hemostasis do clotting factors (procoagulants) assist with the transformation of blood from a liquid to a gel? Select from letters A-D.

What "clot buster" enzyme removes unneeded clots after healing has occurred during fibrinolysis?

During erythroblastosis fetalis, a Rh- mother's anti-Rh antibodies that have crossed the placenta will cause agglutination of the fetus's Rh+ RBCs. However, the reverse problem never happens when a Rh+ mother is pregnant with a Rh- fetus, that is, antibodies produced by the fetus cannot cause agglutination of the mother's Rh+ RBCs. This is true because ______.

Which ABO blood type is considered to be the universal donor?

A person who lacks agglutinogens A and B would have blood type __________.

Which of the following scenarios could result in HDN (hemolytic disease of the newborn)?

Choose the compatible transfusion.

A person's blood type is genetically determined.

What is hematocrit a measure of?

Which of the following does NOT serve as a site for blood cell production in the developing fetus?

What is the average normal pH range of blood?

Which of the following is not a distribution function of blood?

Which of the following is a protective function of blood?

Which of the following statements does not describe blood?

Which of the following is true about blood plasma?

The plasma protein that is the major contributor to osmotic pressure is ________.

The primary source of RBCs in the adult human being is the bone marrow in the shafts of the long bones.

Hemorrhagic anemias result from blood loss.

White blood cells are produced through the action of colony-stimulating factors.

Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin.

Each hemoglobin molecule can transport two molecules of oxygen.

Diapedesis is the process by which red blood cells move into tissue spaces from the interior of blood capillaries.

Positive chemotaxis is a feedback system that signals leukocyte migration into damaged areas.

Basophils increase in number when parasitic invasion occurs.

Leukopenia is an abnormally low number of leukocytes.

Leukocytes move through the circulatory system by amoeboid motion.

Granulocytes called neutrophils are phagocytic and are the most numerous of all white blood cell types.

All lymphocytes are leukocytes, but not all leukocytes are lymphocytes.

Myelocytic leukemia involves a cancerous condition of lymphocytes.

Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?

James has a hemoglobin measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is ________.

All of the following can be expected with polycythemia except ________.

No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in ________.

Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes?

Platelets ________.

Complications of aplastic anemia generally do not include ________.

What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?

Leukemia refers to cancerous conditions involving white blood cells.

The normal RBC "graveyard" is the liver.

Myeloid stem cells give rise to all leukocytes.

Which of the following is not a functional characteristic of WBCs?

Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood?

Blood reticulocyte counts provide information regarding ________.

Select the incorrect statement regarding blood cell formation.

Which of the following is not a structural characteristic that contributes to erythrocyte gas transport functions?

A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and causing an appearance of large pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of ________.

Which of the following would not be a possible cause of sickling of red blood cells in someone with sickle-cell anemia?

The immediate response to blood vessel injury is clotting.

Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis?

The slowest step in the clotting process is ________.

Thromboembolic disorders ________.

Which of the following is not a cause of bleeding disorders?

Which sequence is correct for the following events? 1. fibrinogen → fibrin 2. clot retraction 3. formation of thromboplastin 4. prothrombin → thrombin

All of the following conditions impair coagulation except ________.

The process of fibrinolysis disposes of bacteria when healing has occurred.

Clotting factor activation turns clotting factors into enzymes.

A person with type B blood could receive blood from a person with either type B or type O blood.

An individual who is blood type AB negative can ________.

Blood volume restorers include all of the following except ________.

Fred's blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean?

When can erythroblastosis fetalis not possibly happen in the child of an Rh negative mother?

Why would there be cause for concern if a young pregnant mother is Rh-, her husband is Rh+, and this is their second child?

Which blood type is generally called the universal donor?

Which of the statements below is an incorrect or false statement?

When neither anti-A serum nor anti-B serum cause clumping (agglutination) of donor cells on a slide, the blood type is ________.

A total WBC count and a differential WBC count have been ordered for Mrs. Johnson. What information is obtained from the differential count that the total count does not provide?

A patient complains of no energy, a chronic sore throat, a low-grade fever, and is tired and achy. His doctor notes an enlarged spleen upon examination. What diagnosis would you expect, and what definitive test would you request?

The special type of hemoglobin present in fetal red blood cells is ________.

Fetal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than does adult hemoglobin.