Anthro Chap 6

25 July 2022
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Traditionally, Old World monkeys are separated from apes and humans at the level of the
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superfamily
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Compared to monkeys, hominoids
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generally have larger body sizes and lack a tail
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Compared to Strepsirhini, anthropoids generally
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depend less on olfaction and more on vision
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What are the smallest New World anthropoids?
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marmosets and tamarins
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Where are Old World monkeys found?
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Sub Saharan Africa, southern Asia, and northern Japan
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DNA hybridization of humans and chimpanzees indicate they share about _________ of their DNA base sequences
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99 percent
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Which are the largest of the living primates?
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gorillas
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The dental formula for an Old World anthropoid is 2.1.2.3
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True
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Among the apes, the ________ have the smallest average body sizes.
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gibbons and siamangs
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Traditionally, primate characteristics have been explained as the result of adaptation to ________ environments.
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arboreal
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Where are chimpanzees found?
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across forested equatorial Africa as far east as Lake Tanganyika
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Prehensile ability to grasp with five digits is
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a variable trait in the order
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Tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans are placed together in which suborder?
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Haplorhini
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Gibbons and siamangs are adapted for
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brachiation
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What is a major underlying factor for the declining numbers of nonhuman primates?
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unprecedented human population growth
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Monkeys are divided into which two major groups?
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New and Old World species
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Using all four limbs to support the body during locomotion is called
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quadrupedalism
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Currently, there are approximately _______ species of non-human primates.
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230
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In the classification of the primates, the lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers would be placed in the suborder Strepsirhini.
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False
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There are less than 650 Mountain Gorillas left in existence
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True
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The suborder Strepsirhini includes
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Lemurs and lorises
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The "dental comb" is a specialization found in most of the anthropoid species
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FalseREF
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All Old World monkeys belong to which family?
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Cercopithecidae
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Chimpanzees live in groups composed of
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large communities of bonded males and females, plus young of all ages
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Bonobo communities, like those of chimpanzees, are centered around male-male bonds.
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False
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Adaptive niche refers to
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an organism's entire way of life
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Bonobos are
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in the same genus as the chimpanzee
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In nonhuman primates, the hormonally initiated period of sexual receptivity is
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called estrus
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Mountain gorilla social groups are usually composed of
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one or two adult silverback males, a few adult females and their immature offspring
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The following are characteristics of tarsiers except
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Mainly diurnal
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Which of the following are not apes?
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macaques
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Arms that are longer than the legs, and a short stable lumbar spine are traits associated with
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brachiation
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Regarding aspects of primate maturation, learning, and behavior, primates have all except
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decreased life span
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Colobine monkeys specialize in eating mature leaves, and are referred to as "leaf-eating monkeys."
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True
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As an order, primates
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have generalized traits
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The order Primates is traditionally divided into two suborders:
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Strepsirhini and Haplorhini
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Orangutans belong to which genus?
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Pongo
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________ have very large, highly sexually dimorphic body sizes and live largely solitary lives.
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Orangutans
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Sexual dimorphism
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refers to differences between the sexes with regard to features such as body size
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Which one of the traits listed below is not used to define the order Primates?
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an inflexible, specialized limb structure
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_________ is seen in some New World monkeys, but not in any Old World monkeys.
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A prehensile tail
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Which of the following are not hominoids?
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baboons
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Today, where are lorises not found?
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North America