Anatomy Chapter 10

1. Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors? a. First class b. Second class c. Third class d. Fourth class

2. What muscle is primarily responsible for preventing foot drop? a. Extensor digitorum longus b. Tibialis anterior c. Extensor hallucis longus d. Fibularis tertius

3. What is the major factor controlling how levers work? a. The structural characteristics of the muscles of the person using the lever. b. The weight of the load c. The direction of the load is being moved d. The difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum

4. Which of the following is not a muscle primarily involved in the breathing process? a. Diaphragm b. External intercostal c. Internal intercostal d. Latissimus dorsi

5. What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle? a. The length b. The shape c. The number of neurons innervating it d. The total number of muscle cells available for contraction

6. What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called? a. A synergist b. An agonist or prime mover c. An antagonist d. A fixator

7. When the term biceps, triceps or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the name? a. The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively b. The muscle is able to change direction 2,3 or 4 times father than other muscles, respectively c. The muscle has 2,3, or 4 functions, respectively d. The muscle has two, three, or four insertions, respectively

8. The most powerful muscle in the body is the _______. a. Quadriceps femoris b. Rectus abdominis c. Gastrocnemius d. Gluteus maximus

9. The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean? a. The muscle flexes and rotates a region. b. The muscle is a fixator and stabilizes a bone or joint. c. The muscle elevates d. The muscle functions as a synergist

10. Which of the flowing describes the suprahyoid muscles? a. They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed b. They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity c. They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing d. They are often called strap muscles

11. The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action? a. To help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally b. To stabilize the shoulder joint and help prevent downward location of the humerus and to assist in abduction c. To extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi d. To flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major.

12. Which of the following muscles is not a rotator cuff muscle? a. Supraspinatus b. Levator scapulae c. Teres minor d. Subcapularis

13. Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead? a. The medial pterygoid b. The zygomaticus major c. The frontal belly of the epicranius d. The temporalis

14. A cute curly haired girl is sitting behind you in church. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use? a. Orbicularis oris b. Stylohyoid c. Hyoglossus d. Genioglossus

15. Which group of muscles flexes and rotates the neck? a. The scalenes b. The iliocostalis c. The spinalis d. The splenius

16. Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over another while in a sitting position? a. The gastrocnemius b. The sartorius c. All of the hamstrings d. The quadriceps femoris

17. Which of the following muscles inserts by the calcaneal tendon? a. The semitendinosus b. The sartorius c. The tibialis anterior d. The gastrocnemius

18. If a level operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the ___ a. Load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum b. Lever system is useless c. Effort is father than the load from the fulcrum d. Load is near the fulcrum and the effort is at the distal end

19. Which of the following muscles fixes and depresses the ribs and stabilizes the pelvis during walking? a. Internal oblique b. External oblique c. Transversus abdominis d. Rectus abdominis

20. A muscle that opposes or reverses a particular movement is a(n)________ a. Antagonist b. Fixator c. Synergist d. Agonist

21. What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts? a. An antagonist b. A prime mover c. A synergist d. An agonist

22. Which of the following is not a member of the hamstrings? a. Gracilis b. Semitendinosus c. Semimembranosus d. Biceps femoris

23. A nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling. What is this muscle called? a. Platysma b. Masseter c. Zygomaticus d. Buccinator

24. Spasms of this straplike muscle often result in wryneck or torticollis. a. Serratus anterior b. Zygomaticus c. Platysma d. Sternocleidomastoid

25. Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true? a. Muscles produce movement by pulling on bones b. The bones serve as levers c. Curing contraction the two articulating bones move equally d. The movements produced may be of graded intensity

26. Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles? a. Muscle location b. The type of muscle fibers c. The type of action they cause d. Muscle shape

27. Which of the following muscles is not a member of the hamstrings group? a. Vastus intermedius b. Semitendinosus c. Semimembranosus d. Biceps brachii

28. Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris? a. It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips b. It pulls the lower lip down and back c. It draws the eyebrows together d. It closes the eye

29. Which muscle group is involved when a "pulled groin" occurs? a. Quadricepts b. Thigh abductors c. Lateral rotators d. Hamstrings

30. What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called? a. Speed levers b. Power levers c. Functional levers d. Dysfunctional levers

31. Tennis players often complain about pain in the arm (forearm) that swings the racquet. What muscle is usually strained under these conditions? a. The triceps brachii b. The anconeus c. The brachioradialis d. The flexor digitorum profundus

32. Which muscles is (are) contracted to exhale forcibly? a. Diaphragm alone b. Internal intercostals and rectus abdominus c. External intercostals and diaphragm d. Rectus abdominis and diaphragm

33. Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the thigh? a. Biceps femoris b. Vastus medialis c. Soleus d. Iliopsoas and rectus femoris

34. First class levers ______________. a. Have load at one end of the lever, fulcrum at the other, and effort applied somewhere in the idle b. Are typified by tweezers or forceps c. In the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on the specific location d. Are the type using joints forming the ball of the foot as formed in raising the body on the toes

35. What do the Genioglossus, Hyoglossus, and styloglossus muscles have in common? a. All names reflect direction of muscle fibers b. Each acts synergistically to elevate the jaw c. All act on the tongue d. All names indicate the relative size of the muscle

36. If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E= effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF? a. First class b. Second class c. Third class d. Fourth class

37. Which of the following muscles is a flexor of the thigh? a. Tibialis posterior b. Vastus lateralis c. Adductor magnus d. Gluteus maximus

38. Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint? a. Tibialis anterior b. Extensor digitorum longus c. Peroneus tertius d. Peroneus longus

39. Which of the following muscles serves as a common intramuscular injection site, particularly in infants? a. The vastus intermedius b. The vastus medialis c. Rectus femoris d. The vastus lateralis

40. Paralysis of which of the following muscles would make an individual unable to flex the knee? a. Hamstring muscles b. Gluteal muscles c. Brachioradialis d. Soleus

41. Which of the following muscles does not act in plantar flexion? a. Popliteus b. Tibialis posterior c. Flexor digitorum longus d. Gastrocnemius and soleus