Chapter 10

2 September 2022
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The news provides a refracted version of reality because it
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Emphasizes dramatic and compelling news stories
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The news media are MOST likely to focus on, among the following, events that
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Are timely
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The term "framing" is used to describe the
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Process of selecting certain aspects of reality and then crafting news stories around those aspects
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Historically, the American press has shifted from
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A political to a journalistic orientation
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The Gazette of the United States was founded to promote the policies of President
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George Washington
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In comparison with today's newspapers, early American newspapers
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Could not have survived without political party support
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What technology led editors to substitute news reports for opinion commentary?
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Telegraph
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The yellow journalism of the late nineteenth century was characterized by
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The emphasis on sensationalism as a way of selling newspapers
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The circulation battle of which two newspapers may have contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?
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New York Journal and New York World
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Yellow journalism contributed most notably to public support for the
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Spanish-American War
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Which of the following statements is true?
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Objective journalism is based on the communication of facts and fairness
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Objective journalism is based on the idea that the reporter's job is to
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Report the facts and cover alternative sides of a partisan debate
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Over the last century, which newspaper has a lasting reputation as the country's best newspaper?
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New York Times
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The federal government's licensing of broadcasting is based primarily on
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The scarcity of broadcasting frequencies
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The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has regulatory oversight over which of the following?
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Broadcast radio
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The FCC's equal time requirement
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Prohibited broadcasters from selling or giving time to political candidates while denying it to their opponents
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The FCC restriction requiring broadcasters to "afford reasonable opportunity for the discussion of conflicting views of public importance" was known as the
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Fairness Doctrine
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During the era of objective journalism, the commitment of newspapers to two-sided news reporting
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Did not extend to their editorializing
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Partisan talk radio got its start
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After the abolition of the Fairness Doctrine
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The reason the news product is designed to fascinate as well as to inform is
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That news organizations are fundamentally businesses and must obtain revenue to survive
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On the-scene coverage of a natural disaster is an example of the press's role of
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Signaler
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The media perform the signaling role by
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Informing the public of breaking events and new developments
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Agenda-setting is an action that falls under which of the major roles played by the press?
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Signaling
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One of the reasons the reporting of national news is relatively uniform among news sources is that
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The network newscasts are brief, and the day's top stories tend to dominate
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The news media's common-carrier role is based on the idea that
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The press should provide a channel through which political leaders can communicate their views to the public
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Which institution receives the most news coverage from the national press?
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The presidency
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Presidential candidates in the 1960s, compared with today,
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Had longer sound bites, on average, in broadcast television newscasts
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The Watergate scandal illustrates the
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Power of the media to serve as watchdog to safeguard against abuses of power
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How has the Internet affected the watchdog role of the media?
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It has expanded the watchdog capacity of the media
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Most broadcast news journalists
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Lean Democratic
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Scholarly research has shown that, overall, the traditional media have
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No substantial bias
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Which of the following statements has been shown by scholarly research to be true?
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Have been hosted by conservatives
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MSNBC responded to Fox's ratings success by
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Recasting themselves as the liberal alternative to Fox
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One special contribution of Internet-based news is that it
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Provides the ordinary citizen with an opportunity to be part of the news system
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The "long tail" is a phenomenon related to the
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Rate of Internet news readership
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The rise of the Internet as a news source has
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Substantially increased the partisan divide
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One consequence of today's high-choice media system is
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A widening in the partisan divide
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What development brought about a dramatic reduction in television's capacity to generate an interest in news?
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The rapid spread of cable
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Which of the following is true of age differences in news consumption?
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Age differences in news consumption shrink for Internet-based news but do not disappear
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In terms of news consumption, since the 1980s young adults
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Have been less informed than older ones